Jensen G A, Morrisey M A
Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Milbank Q. 1999;77(4):425-59. doi: 10.1111/1468-0009.00147.
Regulations for the content of private health plans, called mandated benefit laws, are widespread and growing in the United States, at both state and federal levels. Three aspects of these laws are examined: their current scope; some economic reasons for their existence; and the theory and empirical evidence for their effects in health insurance markets. A growing body of literature suggests that society is paying a high price for enhanced coverage via mandated benefits. These laws increase insurance premiums, cause declines in wages and other fringe benefits, and lead some employers and their workers to forgo health benefits altogether. The cost of mandated benefit laws falls disproportionately on workers in small firms.
针对私人健康保险计划内容的规定，即强制保险福利法，在美国州和联邦层面都广泛存在且不断增加。本文考察了这些法律的三个方面：它们目前的范围；其存在的一些经济原因；以及它们在健康保险市场中产生影响的理论和实证证据。越来越多的文献表明，社会正在为通过强制保险福利来扩大保险覆盖范围付出高昂代价。这些法律提高了保险费，导致工资和其他附加福利下降，并使一些雇主及其员工完全放弃健康福利。强制保险福利法的成本不成比例地落在了小公司员工身上。
