Centre for Quantum Science and Technology, Macquarie University, Sydney New South Wales 2109, Australia.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Dec 2;107(23):230406. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.230406.
Gedanken experiments help to reconcile our classical intuition with quantum mechanics and nowadays are routinely performed in the laboratory. An important open question is the quantum behavior of the controlling devices in such experiments. We propose a framework to analyze quantum-controlled experiments and illustrate it by discussing a quantum version of Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment. Using a quantum control has several consequences. First, it enables us to measure complementary phenomena with a single experimental setup, pointing to a redefinition of complementarity principle. Second, it allows us to prove there are no consistent hidden-variable theories having "particle" and "wave" as realistic properties. Finally, it shows that a photon can have a morphing behavior between particle and wave. The framework can be extended to other experiments (e.g., Bell inequality).
思维实验有助于调和我们的经典直觉与量子力学，如今在实验室中经常进行。一个重要的开放性问题是此类实验中控制装置的量子行为。我们提出了一个分析量子控制实验的框架，并通过讨论惠勒延迟选择实验的量子版本来说明它。使用量子控制有几个后果。首先，它使我们能够用单个实验装置测量互补现象，从而指向互补原理的重新定义。其次，它允许我们证明没有一致的隐变量理论具有“粒子”和“波”作为现实属性。最后，它表明光子可以在粒子和波之间表现出变形行为。该框架可以扩展到其他实验（例如，贝尔不等式）。
