Gorini Lucrezia, Linnell John D C, Boitani Luigi, Hauptmann Ulrike, Odden Morten, Wegge Per, Nilsen Erlend B
Department of Animal and Human Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Integr Zool. 2011 Dec;6(4):299-310. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-4877.2011.00258.x.
It is widely believed that intensive forestry has influenced small mammal population dynamics, and thereby the entire mammalian community in Fennoscandian boreal forests. The nature of these impacts on the different species is subject to debate. We live-trapped voles between 2006 and 2009 in 2 commercially harvested forests in south-eastern Norway. We investigated the variation in vole abundance among habitat types (e.g. mature forest and clear-cut) and the hypothesis that graminivorous species such as field voles (Microtus agrestis L.) benefit from clear-cuts at the expense of forest dwellers (i.e. the bank vole, Myodes glareolus Schreb.), using fine-scale descriptors of the ground vegetation. We could not find support for the hypothesis that field voles show a preference for clear-cuts, and their overall abundance was low, while bank voles were the dominant species in all habitat types, including clear-cuts in the peak and pre-peak years. We found a positive association between bank vole abundance and bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) availability rather than a specific habitat type. Low field vole density in clear-cuts might be due to variation in local productivity and ground vegetation as well as to large variation in the species temporal dynamics. The latter is particularly associated with the widespread decline of field voles in Scandinavia. Logging has the potential to negatively affect bank vole population dynamics because of the negative effect on bilberry development.
人们普遍认为，集约林业影响了小型哺乳动物的种群动态，进而影响了芬诺斯坎迪亚北方森林中的整个哺乳动物群落。这些对不同物种的影响性质仍存在争议。2006年至2009年期间，我们在挪威东南部的两片商业采伐森林中对田鼠进行了活体诱捕。我们研究了不同栖息地类型（如成熟森林和皆伐地）之间田鼠数量的变化，并利用地面植被的精细描述符来验证以下假设：诸如田鼠（Microtus agrestis L.）等食草物种受益于皆伐地，其代价是森林栖息者（即林姬鼠，Myodes glareolus Schreb.）。我们找不到证据支持田鼠偏好皆伐地这一假设，而且它们的总体数量较低，而林姬鼠是所有栖息地类型中的优势物种，包括在数量高峰期和高峰期前的皆伐地。我们发现林姬鼠数量与越橘（Vaccinium myrtillus L.）的可利用性之间存在正相关，而非与特定的栖息地类型相关。皆伐地中田鼠密度较低可能是由于当地生产力和地面植被的变化，以及物种时间动态的巨大变化。后者尤其与斯堪的纳维亚半岛田鼠数量的普遍下降有关。由于对越橘生长有负面影响，伐木有可能对林姬鼠的种群动态产生负面影响。
