Piperno A, Di Orio F
Department of Sociology, University of Naples, Italy.
Soc Sci Med. 1990;31(3):305-12. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90277-y.
This paper describes the present pattern of mortality, morbidity, invalidity, use of services, and life-style according to relevant social characteristics. On the whole, the empirical evidence shows that lower socioeconomic groups, identified either by level of education, profession, or region of residence, continue to score worse on different health measures despite a general improvement in their state of health. Two results are of particular importance. Some southern regions accumulated a higher concentration of ill-health conditions and became multi-problem areas. Middle and, above all, upper social groups have increasingly used the private health sector despite that fact that they are covered under the National Health Service provisions. This last development may be counter-productive for the strategy of equalization introduced in 1978 with the NHS.
本文根据相关社会特征描述了当前的死亡率、发病率、伤残情况、服务利用情况及生活方式模式。总体而言，实证证据表明，无论以教育水平、职业或居住地区来界定，社会经济地位较低的群体在不同健康指标上的得分仍然较低，尽管他们的健康状况总体有所改善。有两个结果尤为重要。一些南部地区积累了更高程度的健康问题，成为多问题地区。中等阶层，尤其是上层社会群体，尽管已纳入国民医疗服务体系的覆盖范围，但越来越多地使用私人医疗服务部门。这一最新发展情况可能对1978年随着国民医疗服务体系引入的公平化战略产生适得其反的效果。
