University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Ultraschall Med. 2011 Dec;32 Suppl 2:E100-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1281665. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
Providing information about prenatal diagnosis (PND) that leads to an informed decision is ethically and psychologically challenging, especially in an intercultural context. The aim was to investigate cultural differences in information processing, test interpretation, evaluation of an established information leaflet, emotional response during screening and acceptance of PND.
This prospective study compared 30 pregnant Turkish immigrants with 30 women from Switzerland and countries within the European Union (EU). They completed a questionnaire prior to (T1) and after risk assessment between 11-14 weeks (T2) and after receiving the results (T3). The questionnaire focused on the perception of, experiences with and knowledge about the risk assessment and included the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). χ(2) tests were used for dichotomous variables and Student's t-tests for scores on perception, experience, knowledge, depression and anxiety. Groups were compared over time by 2-factorial ANOVA.
Regarding the 6 questions on knowledge, the rate of correct answers was between 32.2% and 62.5% at T1 and 35.1% and 75.0% at T2. The Turkish women's knowledge level was significantly lower. They rated the information leaflet as less helpful and found the counseling significantly more unsettling. The acceptance of PND was higher in Turkish women.
Considering the information and knowledge deficits, informed consent was not given in every case, especially in Turkish women. Nevertheless, the acceptance of PND was good. Further studies will have to focus on counseling strategies that take into account the specific needs and expectations of pregnant women with different cultural backgrounds.
提供有关产前诊断（PND）的信息，以便做出知情决策，这在伦理和心理上都是具有挑战性的，尤其是在跨文化背景下。目的是调查信息处理、测试解释、对既定信息传单的评估、筛查期间的情绪反应和 PND 接受方面的文化差异。
本前瞻性研究比较了 30 名土耳其移民孕妇与 30 名瑞士和欧盟国家的女性。她们在 11-14 周（T1）和接受结果后（T3）之前（T1）和风险评估后（T2）完成了一份问卷。问卷重点关注风险评估的感知、经验和知识，包括医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）。二项变量采用卡方检验，感知、经验、知识、抑郁和焦虑评分采用学生 t 检验。通过双因素方差分析比较组间随时间的变化。
关于知识的 6 个问题，T1 时正确答案的比例为 32.2%至 62.5%，T2 时为 35.1%至 75.0%。土耳其女性的知识水平明显较低。他们认为信息传单的帮助较小，并且发现咨询明显更令人不安。土耳其女性对 PND 的接受度更高。
考虑到信息和知识的不足，并非在每种情况下都给予了知情同意，尤其是在土耳其女性中。尽管如此，对 PND 的接受度还是不错的。进一步的研究必须关注考虑到不同文化背景的孕妇的特定需求和期望的咨询策略。
