Somaruga C, Troja Martinazzoli M G, Brambilla G, Colosio C
Dipartimento di Medicina del Lavoro, Università degli Studi di Milano, sezione Ospedale San Paolo e Centro Internazionale per la Salute Rurale dell'Azienda Ospedaliera San Paolo, Italy.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2011 Apr-Jun;33(2 Suppl):41-3.
In Italy, 5 millions migrants live and work. Among them, the employment rate is much higher in comparison with the Italians' one (75% versus 62%). The well known "healthy migrant effect" is confirmed by statistics from the National Institute for Statistics: according to it, migrants access the National Health System for pregnancy and delivery and for accidents. The chronic pathology is not a major concern. Moreover, their work ability is generally complete, without any limitation. Nevertheless, migrants seem to represent a vulnerable subgroup with regard to the risk of 1) occupational injuries: this is strongly linked with the risk of Tetanus infection; 2) disorders of the metabolism, like hyperglycaemia and hyperlipemia, which is linked to a higher cardiovascular risk. In this light data from health surveillance carried out by the International centre for Rural Health of the San Paolo University Hospital in agricultural setting in the Region of Lombardy and the participation of the Centre itself to the Promovax EC-cofunded project are presented.
在意大利，有500万移民生活和工作。其中，他们的就业率与意大利人相比要高得多（75%对62%）。国家统计局的统计数据证实了著名的“健康移民效应”：据该数据显示，移民在怀孕、分娩及遭遇事故时可使用国家医疗体系。慢性病并非主要问题。此外，他们的工作能力总体上是完好的，没有任何限制。然而，在以下风险方面，移民似乎是一个弱势群体：1）职业伤害：这与破伤风感染风险密切相关；2）代谢紊乱，如高血糖和高血脂，这与更高的心血管疾病风险相关。鉴于此，本文介绍了圣保罗大学医院国际农村健康中心在伦巴第大区农业环境中进行的健康监测数据，以及该中心自身参与的由欧盟共同资助的Promovax项目。
