Am J Health Promot. 1990 Nov-Dec;5(2):107-14. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-5.2.107.
Abstract The effects of organizational factors on participation rates in a smoking cessation clinic and on one-year quit rates were examined among 68 private sector businesses. Free smoking cessation programs were offered to all smoking employees. Smokers (n = 844) were contacted to determine changes in smoking behavior; managers (n = 68) were also contacted to assess changes in smoking policy implementation over the past year. The participation rate in the clinic was 6.6 percent. Overall, 14.3 percent of smokers reported abstaining from cigarettes for at least one month prior to the one-year follow-up survey. Organization factors predicting clinic participation included having health promotion programs, increased motivation to stop smoking, and greater length of employment. Factors predicting cessation at one year included greater clinic participation rates, larger worksite size, a greater awareness of smoking restrictions, and agreement that passive smoking was dangerous to ones health. The only factor to significantly increase both participation and cessation rates was the presence of smoking policies. Employee, manager, and organizational characteristics can exert independent effects on behavior. Therefore, interventions should be targeted at each of these levels to maximize smoking-related behavior change.
摘要 在 68 家私营企业中，研究了组织因素对戒烟诊所参与率和一年戒烟率的影响。为所有吸烟员工提供免费的戒烟计划。联系吸烟者（n = 844）以确定吸烟行为的变化；还联系经理（n = 68）评估过去一年来吸烟政策执行情况的变化。诊所的参与率为 6.6%。总体而言，14.3%的吸烟者报告在进行为期一年的随访调查前至少一个月没有吸烟。预测参与诊所的组织因素包括有健康促进计划、增加戒烟动机和更长的就业时间。预测一年戒烟的因素包括更高的诊所参与率、更大的工作场所规模、对吸烟限制的认识更高，以及同意被动吸烟对健康有害。唯一显著提高参与率和戒烟率的因素是存在吸烟政策。员工、经理和组织特征可以对行为产生独立影响。因此，干预措施应针对这些层面进行，以最大限度地改变与吸烟有关的行为。
