Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Wolfson Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Diabetologia. 2012 Mar;55(3):542-51. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2403-2. Epub 2011 Dec 22.
Physical activity improves well-being and reduces the risk of heart disease, cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the general population. In individuals with established type 2 diabetes, physical activity improves glucose and lipid levels, reduces weight and improves insulin resistance. In type 1 diabetes mellitus, however, the benefits of physical activity are less clear. There is poor evidence for a beneficial effect of physical activity on glycaemic control and microvascular complications, and significant risk of harm through hypoglycaemia. Here we review the literature relating to physical activity and health in type 1 diabetes. We examine its effect on a number of outcomes, including glycaemic control, lipids, blood pressure, diabetic complications, well-being and overall mortality. We conclude that whilst there is sufficient evidence to recommend physical activity in the management of type 1 diabetes, it is still unclear as to what form, duration and intensity should be recommended and whether there is benefit for many of the outcomes examined.
身体活动可改善整体人群的健康水平并降低心脏病、癌症和 2 型糖尿病的风险。在已确诊患有 2 型糖尿病的个体中，身体活动可改善血糖和血脂水平、减轻体重并改善胰岛素抵抗。然而，身体活动对 1 型糖尿病的益处尚不清楚。目前几乎没有证据表明身体活动对血糖控制和微血管并发症有有益影响，且低血糖的发生风险很大。在此，我们对 1 型糖尿病患者的身体活动与健康相关文献进行了综述。我们考察了身体活动对多种结局的影响，包括血糖控制、血脂、血压、糖尿病并发症、健康状况和总体死亡率。我们的结论是，虽然有充分的证据支持将身体活动作为 1 型糖尿病管理的一部分，但对于应该推荐何种类型、时长和强度的身体活动，以及对于许多所考察的结局是否有益，目前仍不明确。
