Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2012 Jul;19(4):969-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.11.009. Epub 2011 Dec 4.
The conjugate addition of amines to conjugated alkenes (commonly known as aza-Michael reaction) constitutes a key step for the synthesis of various complex natural products, antibiotics, α-amino alcohols and chiral auxiliaries. Ultrasound-induced addition of several amines to α, β-unsaturated ketones, esters and nitriles has been carried out very efficiently in water as well as under solvent-free conditions. No catalysts or solid supports have been used in this method. Remarkable enhancement of reaction rate has been observed in water under ultrasound-induced method. This environmentally benign procedure has provided clean formation of the products with better selectivity.
胺与共轭烯烃的共轭加成（通常称为氮杂-Michael 反应）是合成各种复杂天然产物、抗生素、α-氨基醇和手性助剂的关键步骤。超声促进几种胺对α，β-不饱和酮、酯和腈的加成反应在水以及无溶剂条件下都能非常有效地进行。该方法未使用催化剂或固体载体。在超声诱导下，水中的反应速率显著提高。这种环境友好的方法提供了清洁的产物形成，具有更好的选择性。
