Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2013;14(3):331-41. doi: 10.2174/1389201011314030008.
Mitochondria are known to play a key role in various cellular processes essential to both the life and death of cells, including calcium homeostasis, programmed cell death, and energy metabolism. Over 80 years ago, Otto Warburg discovered that in contrast to normal cells which produce most of their ATP via mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, cancer cells preferentially utilize glycolysis for production of ATP, a phenomenon known today as the "Warburg effect", and one which has been of great importance in the emergence of novel drugs and chemotherapeutic agents specifically targeting cancer cells. Several groups have reported in recent years that members of the plant stress hormones family of jasmonates, and some of their synthetic derivatives, exhibit anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Jasmonates have been shown to act directly on mitochondria of cancer cells, leading to mitochondrial swelling, membrane depolarization and cytochrome c release. Throughout the last few years, different groups have demonstrated that combination of jasmonates and various cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic agents yielded a synergistic cytotoxic effect. These results have been demonstrated in a variety of different cancer cell lines and may provide a strong basis for future clinical treatments which involve combination of MJ and different anti-cancerous agents. The potential synergistic effect may allow reduction of the administered dose, decrease of unwanted side effects, and reduction of the likelihood that the tumor will display resistance to the combined therapy.
线粒体在细胞的生命和死亡过程中起着至关重要的作用，包括钙稳态、程序性细胞死亡和能量代谢。80 多年前，奥托·瓦尔堡（Otto Warburg）发现，与正常细胞通过线粒体氧化磷酸化产生大部分 ATP 不同，癌细胞优先利用糖酵解来产生 ATP，这一现象现在被称为“瓦堡效应”（Warburg effect），这在新型药物和专门针对癌细胞的化疗药物的出现中具有重要意义。近年来，有几个研究小组报告称，植物应激激素茉莉酸家族的成员及其一些合成衍生物在体外和体内均具有抗癌活性。茉莉酸已被证明可直接作用于癌细胞的线粒体，导致线粒体肿胀、膜去极化和细胞色素 c 释放。在过去的几年中，不同的研究小组已经证明，茉莉酸与各种细胞毒性和化疗药物的联合使用可产生协同的细胞毒性作用。这些结果在多种不同的癌细胞系中得到了证明，可为未来涉及 MJ 和不同抗癌药物联合治疗的临床治疗提供强有力的基础。这种潜在的协同作用可能允许减少给药剂量，减少不必要的副作用，并降低肿瘤对联合治疗产生耐药性的可能性。
