Division of PICU and Emergency, Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2012 Jul;79(7):901-4. doi: 10.1007/s12098-011-0634-3. Epub 2011 Dec 30.
To study the clinical profile of the Indian children admitted with DKA.
This descriptive retrospective study was conducted in pediatric ICU of tertiary level care hospital at Delhi (between Jan 2008 and Jan 2010). The case records of 55 children admitted with DKA were reviewed and information with respect to the personal details, clinical features, laboratory parameters, management and outcome was recorded using a predesigned performa.The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.
The mean age of patients at presentation was 7.4±3.9 y; 27 boys and 28 girls were enrolled. Diabetes was newly diagnosed in 56.4% patients and 43.6% were known cases of diabetes. Polyuria and polydipsia (54.5%), persistent vomiting (52.7%), altered sensorium (50.9%), abdominal pains (47.3%) were common presenting symptoms. Most of the children had dehydration at admission, one fourth being severe. Hypernatremia, hypokalemia, cerebral edema and renal failure were observed in 20%, 14.5%, 14.5% and 7.2% , respectively. While 12.72% had fatal outcome, cerebral edema with or without renal failure and sepsis accounted for most of the deaths.
Boys and girls were equally affected. Newly diagnosed diabetics constituted more >50% of total DKA admissions. Nearly two third presented with severe DKA. Renal failure, cerebral edema and sepsis contributed to adverse outcome.
研究印度儿童因 DKA 住院的临床特征。
这是一项在德里三级护理医院儿科重症监护病房进行的描述性回顾性研究（2008 年 1 月至 2010 年 1 月）。回顾了 55 例因 DKA 住院的儿童的病历记录，并使用预设计的表格记录了个人详细信息、临床特征、实验室参数、治疗和结局信息。使用 SPSS 版本 16 对数据进行分析。
患者就诊时的平均年龄为 7.4±3.9 岁；男 27 例，女 28 例。56.4%的患者为新发糖尿病，43.6%为糖尿病已知病例。多尿和多饮（54.5%）、持续呕吐（52.7%）、意识改变（50.9%）、腹痛（47.3%）是常见的首发症状。大多数儿童入院时存在脱水，其中四分之一为严重脱水。高钠血症、低钾血症、脑水肿和肾衰竭分别见于 20%、14.5%、14.5%和 7.2%的患者。12.72%的患者死亡，脑水肿伴或不伴肾衰竭和脓毒症是导致大多数死亡的原因。
男孩和女孩同样受到影响。新诊断的糖尿病患者占 DKA 总住院人数的 50%以上。近三分之二的患者表现为严重的 DKA。肾衰竭、脑水肿和脓毒症导致不良结局。
