Delgado-Jaramillo Mariana, Machado Marjorie, García Franger J, Ochoa José
Departamento de Biología, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela.
Rev Biol Trop. 2011 Dec;59(4):1757-76.
Bats represent a key component in the dynamics of many terrestrial ecosystems, and one of the groups of mammals with the highest levels of diversification in the Neotropics. Here we describe the results of a study of the bat fauna from Yurubí National Park (mountain area in Northern Venezuela), that includes a taxonomic list and the characterization of some community attributes in forested areas. Data was collected from zoological collections and diversified sampling methods from February to July of 2009 in an altitudinal gradient (100-1 500m), with three principal ecological units: semideciduous, evergreen and cloud forests. We recorded 64 species grouped in five families (63% of the bats known from La Cordillera de la Costa), of which Phyllostomidae was the dominant taxa (42 species; 66% of total), followed by Vespertilionidae, Molossidae, Emballonuridae and Mormoopidae. The community with the highest taxonomic diversification was found in the lowest elevation range, while the lowest number of species was found at the highest range. Eleven trophic guilds were identified; the insectivorous guild was the richest, whereas the frugivorous was the most abundant. Our results allow us to indicate these forest ecosystems have an appropriate conservation status, taking into account the presence of a relatively high proportion of species from the subfamily Phyllostominae, as well as the presence of other species with conservation priorities. All these aspects, and the fact that this represents a reservoir of the biological diversity of the forest ecosystems of La Cordillera de la Costa, make this protected area of an essential conservation value, in a highly endangered bioregion by neighboring socio-economic growth.
蝙蝠是许多陆地生态系统动态中的关键组成部分，也是新热带地区多样化程度最高的哺乳动物群体之一。在此，我们描述了对尤鲁比国家公园（委内瑞拉北部山区）蝙蝠动物群的研究结果，其中包括一份分类清单以及对森林地区一些群落属性的特征描述。数据收集于2009年2月至7月，通过动物学标本收集和多种采样方法，在海拔梯度（100 - 1500米）范围内进行，涵盖三个主要生态单元：半落叶林、常绿林和云雾林。我们记录了64个物种，分属于五个科（占科迪勒拉海岸已知蝙蝠种类的63%），其中叶口蝠科是优势类群（42种；占总数的66%），其次是蝙蝠科、犬吻蝠科、鞘尾蝠科和妖面蝠科。分类多样性最高的群落出现在海拔最低的区域，而物种数量最少的则在海拔最高的区域。我们识别出了11个营养类群；食虫类群最为丰富，而食果类群数量最多。我们的研究结果表明，考虑到叶口蝠亚科物种的相对高比例存在以及其他具有保护优先级的物种的存在，这些森林生态系统具有适当的保护状态。所有这些方面，以及该地区是科迪勒拉海岸森林生态系统生物多样性的一个储存库这一事实表明，在因周边社会经济增长而高度濒危的生物区域内，这个保护区具有至关重要的保护价值。
