Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
Res Vet Sci. 2012 Oct;93(2):1015-20. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.12.003. Epub 2011 Dec 29.
The purpose of this study was to describe the ultrasonographic picture of the gastrointestinal tract in healthy camels (Camelus dromedarius). For this purpose, 22 camels were examined. The rumen and its glandular sacs were filling most of the left side of the abdomen. The rumen wall was smooth and echogenic. The ventral part of the reticulum could be best imaged in 17 (77%) camels from the left and right paramedian region just behind to the sternal pad. The reticulum in these animals had a thick wall (1.17±0.27 cm) that appeared as a half-moon-shaped structure with a biphasic contraction. The omasum was best viewed through the right 8th to 6th intercostal spaces in 18 (82%) camels. In the remaining 4 (18%), it was visualized through four consecutive intercostal spaces (right 9th to 6th). It had a wall thickness of 1.1±0.7 cm and a transverse diameter of 8.74±3.4 cm. The abomasum could be best visualized from the right 9th and 8th intercostal spaces in 14 (64%) camels, while it was observed in the 9th intercostal space in 3 (14%) animals and in the 8th and 7th intercostal space in 5 (22%) camels. Small intestinal structures were best seen low in the right paralumbar fossa. It was thin-walled (0.43±0.14 cm) and had a diameter of 2.62±0.47 cm. The cecum was imaged chiefly in the caudal right flank. It was thin-walled (0.37±0.05 cm), had a diameter of 13.8±1.6 cm. The proximal loop of the large colon appeared as thick, echogenic, continuous and slightly curved lines. It was thin-walled (0.51±0.08 cm) and had a diameter of 3.5±0.8 cm. The spiral colon was confined in all camels to the caudal ventral half of the abdomen. It appeared as structures with thick echoic lateral walls with a number of echogenic arched lines next to each other. Free peritoneal fluid pockets were imaged in two locations in 19 (86%) camels. Ultrasound-guided abdominocentesis was successful in 15 (68%) of the examined camels. This study provides the ultrasonographic appearance of the normal gastrointestinal tract in healthy camels that could be used as a reference for the interpretation of suspected digestive abnormalities.
本研究旨在描述健康骆驼（Camelus dromedarius）胃肠道的超声图像。为此，检查了 22 只骆驼。瘤胃及其腺囊充满了腹部的大部分左侧。瘤胃壁光滑且有回声。网胃的腹侧部分在 17 只（77%）骆驼中可以从左、右正中旁区的胸骨垫后最佳成像。这些动物的网胃壁较厚（1.17±0.27 cm），呈半月形结构，具有双相收缩。在 18 只（82%）骆驼中，通过右第 8 至 6 肋间隙可以最佳观察瓣胃。在其余 4 只（18%）骆驼中，通过连续的 4 个肋间隙（右第 9 至 6 肋）可以观察到它。它的壁厚为 1.1±0.7 cm，横径为 8.74±3.4 cm。在 14 只（64%）骆驼中，可以从右第 9 和 8 肋间隙最佳观察皱胃，而在 3 只（14%）动物中观察到第 9 肋间隙，在 5 只（22%）骆驼中观察到第 8 和 7 肋间隙。小肠结构在右腰旁窝的低处最佳观察。它壁薄（0.43±0.14 cm），直径为 2.62±0.47 cm。盲肠主要在右后 flank 成像。它壁薄（0.37±0.05 cm），直径为 13.8±1.6 cm。大结肠近端环呈厚而有回声的连续且略微弯曲的线。它壁薄（0.51±0.08 cm），直径为 3.5±0.8 cm。螺旋结肠在所有骆驼中都局限于腹部的尾侧下半部分。它表现为具有厚回声侧壁的结构，相邻有许多回声拱形线。在 19 只（86%）骆驼的两个部位可以看到游离性腹膜液袋。在检查的 15 只（68%）骆驼中，超声引导的腹穿术获得了成功。本研究提供了健康骆驼正常胃肠道的超声图像，可作为解释疑似消化异常的参考。
