Feder H M
Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06032.
Arch Intern Med. 1990 Oct;150(10):2061-5.
Thirty-one late adolescents and adults with varicella were studied. Patients identified within 72 hours of varicella exanthem were offered open treatment with acyclovir (4 g/d), and those patients identified after 72 hours of exanthem were followed up but not treated. Twenty-two patients were treated with acyclovir. Nine patients were not treated. No severe complications occurred in any of the 31 patients. Minor complications, including prolonged fever, localized secondary infections, persistent cough, and prolonged fatigue were more frequent in the untreated group. If the acyclovir therapy was begun within the first 24 hours of varicella exanthem, then the rash and clinical illness were dramatically lessened. Treatment with oral acyclovir should be considered for varicella in adults who are identified within the first 24 hours of exanthem.
对31名患有水痘的青少年晚期患者和成年患者进行了研究。在水痘出疹72小时内确诊的患者接受阿昔洛韦开放治疗（4g/天），而出疹72小时后确诊的患者进行随访但不治疗。22名患者接受了阿昔洛韦治疗。9名患者未接受治疗。31名患者中均未出现严重并发症。未治疗组出现轻微并发症的情况更频繁，包括持续发热、局部继发感染、持续咳嗽和持续疲劳。如果在水痘出疹的头24小时内开始阿昔洛韦治疗，那么皮疹和临床症状会显著减轻。对于在出疹头24小时内确诊的成年水痘患者，应考虑口服阿昔洛韦进行治疗。
