Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales Edificio Gregor Mendel, Córdoba, Spain.
Anim Genet. 2012 Feb;43(1):2-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02207.x. Epub 2011 May 27.
Genetic diversity in and relationships among 26 Creole cattle breeds from 10 American countries were assessed using 19 microsatellites. Heterozygosities, F-statistics estimates, genetic distances, multivariate analyses and assignment tests were performed. The levels of within-breed diversity detected in Creole cattle were considerable and higher than those previously reported for European breeds, but similar to those found in other Latin American breeds. Differences among breeds accounted for 8.4% of the total genetic variability. Most breeds clustered separately when the number of pre-defined populations was 21 (the most probable K value), with the exception of some closely related breeds that shared the same cluster and others that were admixed. Despite the high genetic diversity detected, significant inbreeding was also observed within some breeds, and heterozygote excess was detected in others. These results indicate that Creoles represent important reservoirs of cattle genetic diversity and that appropriate conservation measures should be implemented for these native breeds in order to minimize inbreeding and uncontrolled crossbreeding.
利用 19 个微卫星对来自 10 个美洲国家的 26 个克里奥尔牛品种进行了遗传多样性和品种间关系评估。进行了杂合度、F 统计量估计、遗传距离、多元分析和分配测试。克里奥尔牛品种内的多样性水平相当高，高于以前报道的欧洲品种，但与其他拉丁美洲品种相似。品种间的差异占总遗传变异的 8.4%。当预定义的种群数量为 21 个时（最可能的 K 值），大多数品种单独聚类，除了一些密切相关的品种共享同一聚类和其他混合的品种。尽管检测到了很高的遗传多样性，但一些品种内也存在显著的近交，其他品种则存在杂合子过剩。这些结果表明，克里奥尔牛代表了牛遗传多样性的重要储备，应该为这些本地品种实施适当的保护措施，以最小化近交和不受控制的杂交。
