Wang Fu-Yuan, Shen Ya-Chun, Chen Mao-Kai, Chau Siu-Wah, Ku Chia-Ling, Feng Yu-Tung, Cheng Kuang-I
Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2011 Dec;49(4):125-9. doi: 10.1016/j.aat.2011.11.009. Epub 2011 Dec 24.
To determine if the intravenous co-administration of equal volumes of lidocaine and nalbuphine, with undiluted normal saline, prevents injection pain caused by nalbuphine.
Eighty adult patients who were scheduled for minor surgeries under general anesthesia delivered via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical trial. In the saline group (control) (n = 40), 1 mL (10 mg) nalbuphine was diluted with 9 mL normal saline. In the lidocaine group (experimental) (n = 40), 1 mL (10 mg) nalbuphine was diluted with 1 mL lidocaine (20 mg). The two respective nalbuphine solutions were injected into the cephalic vein at a rate of 20 mL/minute (0.33 mL/second). Pain scores were categorized into five grades. Pain responses upon intravenous injection of nalbuphine, site of cannulation, size of the catheter, and hemodynamic responses to nalbuphine were also recorded.
Overall, the median pain score of patients in the lidocaine group was lower than that of the saline group (p < 0.001). In addition, the incidence of injection pain was lower in the lidocaine group than the saline group (2.5% vs. 30%, p = 0.001).
A solution of equal volumes of lidocaine and nalbuphine can decrease intravenous nalbuphine-induced injection pain.
确定静脉联合给予等体积的利多卡因和纳布啡（用未稀释的生理盐水）是否能预防纳布啡引起的注射疼痛。
本前瞻性、随机、单盲临床试验纳入了80例计划在全身麻醉下通过喉罩气道（LMA）进行小手术的成年患者。在生理盐水组（对照组）（n = 40）中，将1 mL（10 mg）纳布啡用9 mL生理盐水稀释。在利多卡因组（试验组）（n = 40）中，将1 mL（10 mg）纳布啡用1 mL利多卡因（20 mg）稀释。将两种各自的纳布啡溶液以20 mL/分钟（0.33 mL/秒）的速度注入头静脉。疼痛评分分为五个等级。还记录了静脉注射纳布啡时的疼痛反应、置管部位、导管尺寸以及对纳布啡的血流动力学反应。
总体而言，利多卡因组患者的中位疼痛评分低于生理盐水组（p < 0.001）。此外，利多卡因组的注射疼痛发生率低于生理盐水组（2.5%对30%，p = 0.001）。
等体积的利多卡因和纳布啡溶液可减轻静脉注射纳布啡引起的注射疼痛。
