Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, School of Specialization in Sport Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Clin J Sport Med. 2012 Jan;22(1):26-30. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e31824237b5.
To provide normative values of physical fitness in Paralympic winter sports athletes competing in a sitting posture and to identify the components relevant for successful performance.
Cross-sectional study with sports.
The Institute of Sports Medicine and Science of the Italian National Olympic Committee (Rome, Italy).
Fifteen Alpine skiers (3 BP), 16 Nordic skiers (2 BP), 10 curlers (2 BP), and 34 ISH players (7 BP).
Curling, Alpine skiing, Nordic skiing, and ice sledge hockey (ISH).
Physical fitness components. Oxygen uptake peak (V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak; L·min and mL·kg·min), mechanical work in a high-intensity exhaustion exercise (MW-HIE; kJ and kJ·kg), upper-body strength (N and N·kg), mean explosive power (MEP; W and W·kg) in a 10-second arm cranking ergometer Wingate test, and fat mass (FM) (% body mass) were primary outcome measures when assessed in the whole sport groups and secondary outcome measures when separating the BP from the others.
Based on 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test (P < 0.05), V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak and MW-HIE were highest in Nordic skiers (2.9 ± 0.53 L·min and 18.3 ± 3.98 kJ) and similar in ISH players and Alpine skiers (2.5 ± 0.42 and 2.3 ± 0.44 L·min and 17.4 ± 2.62 and 16.8 ± 7.41 kJ, respectively). Alpine skiers showed the highest absolute strength values (1210.1 ± 220.92 N). Curlers had the highest FM (26.2% ± 7.74%) and the lowest V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak (1.8 ± 0.35 L·min), MW-HIE (11.4 ± 2.40 kJ), and MEP (251.1 ± 67.16 W). Among the BP, Nordic skiers, ISH players, and Alpine skiers showed VO₂peak, MW-HIE, and strength equal to 3.4 ± 0.60, 2.9 ± 0.38, and 2.8 ± 0.18 L·min⁻¹ and 22.6 ± 4.04, 19.4 ± 2.84, and 18.4 ± 7.86 kJ, and 975.4 ± 115.03, 1183.4 ± 60.43, and 1279.2 ± 279.1 N, [corrected] respectively.
Analyzing physical fitness data of athletes competing in the last 4 winter Paralympic Games, normative values are provided. The specific components that are highly developed in the BP are considered relevant for successful performance.
为参加坐姿残奥会冬季运动的运动员提供体能的规范值,并确定与成功表现相关的组成部分。
具有运动性质的横断面研究。
意大利国家奥林匹克委员会运动医学与科学研究所(罗马,意大利)。
15 名高山滑雪运动员(3 名 BP),16 名北欧滑雪运动员(2 名 BP),10 名冰壶运动员(2 名 BP)和 34 名冰球运动员(7 名 BP)。
冰壶、高山滑雪、北欧滑雪和冰球(ISH)。
体能成分。峰值摄氧量(V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak;L·min 和 mL·kg·min)、高强度衰竭运动中的机械功(MW-HIE;kJ 和 kJ·kg)、上半身力量(N 和 N·kg)、10 秒臂测功计 Wingate 测试中的平均爆发力(MEP;W 和 W·kg),以及脂肪质量(FM)(%体质量)是整个运动组的主要结局测量指标,当将 BP 与其他组分开时则为次要结局测量指标。
基于单因素方差分析和 Tukey 事后检验(P<0.05),北欧滑雪运动员的 V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak 和 MW-HIE 最高(2.9±0.53 L·min 和 18.3±3.98 kJ),ISH 运动员和高山滑雪运动员的 V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak 和 MW-HIE 相似(2.5±0.42 和 2.3±0.44 L·min 和 17.4±2.62 和 16.8±7.41 kJ)。高山滑雪运动员表现出最高的绝对力量值(1210.1±220.92 N)。冰壶运动员的 FM(26.2%±7.74%)最高,V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak(1.8±0.35 L·min)、MW-HIE(11.4±2.40 kJ)和 MEP(251.1±67.16 W)最低。在 BP 中,北欧滑雪运动员、冰球运动员和高山滑雪运动员的 VO₂peak、MW-HIE 和力量分别为 3.4±0.60、2.9±0.38 和 2.8±0.18 L·min⁻¹和 22.6±4.04、19.4±2.84 和 18.4±7.86 kJ,以及 975.4±115.03、1183.4±60.43 和 1279.2±279.1 N。
分析了参加最近 4 届残奥会冬季运动的运动员的体能数据,提供了规范值。在 BP 中高度发达的特定组成部分被认为与成功表现相关。