Pulmonary Engineering Group, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2012 Feb;25(1):24-9. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e32834dd269.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common cause of primary hospital admission and also a common coexisting disease among surgical patients. This translational review focused on recent studies related to the perioperative care of COPD patients.
In addition to the crucial role of smoking cessation, the use of corticosteroids, antibiotics, regional anesthesia techniques and noninvasive ventilation has become a focus in the perioperative management of the COPD patient.
Perioperative management as well as modern intensive care concepts are based on avoidance of tracheal intubation if possible, use of regional anesthesia techniques and the early liberation from invasive mechanical ventilation. Noninvasive ventilation has become more and more utilized in recent years to stabilize patients with acute exacerbations of COPD and to treat postoperative pulmonary complications in order to avoid reintubation.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是导致患者住院的常见原因，也是手术患者常见的合并症。本综述主要关注 COPD 患者围手术期护理的相关研究。
除了戒烟这一关键措施外，皮质激素、抗生素、区域麻醉技术和无创通气的应用也成为 COPD 患者围手术期管理的重点。
围手术期管理以及现代重症监护理念基于尽可能避免气管插管，使用区域麻醉技术，并尽早从有创机械通气中解脱。近年来，无创通气在稳定 COPD 急性加重患者和治疗术后肺部并发症以避免再次插管方面得到了越来越多的应用。
