Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2011 Dec;130(6):3761-70. doi: 10.1121/1.3652902.
The aim of this study is to characterize urban spaces, which combine landscape, acoustics, and lighting, and to investigate people's perceptions of urban soundscapes through quantitative and qualitative analyses. A general questionnaire survey and soundwalk were performed to investigate soundscape perception in urban spaces. Non-auditory factors (visual image, day lighting, and olfactory perceptions), as well as acoustic comfort, were selected as the main contexts that affect soundscape perception, and context preferences and overall impressions were evaluated using an 11-point numerical scale. For qualitative analysis, a semantic differential test was performed in the form of a social survey, and subjects were also asked to describe their impressions during a soundwalk. The results showed that urban soundscapes can be characterized by soundmarks, and soundscape perceptions are dominated by acoustic comfort, visual images, and day lighting, whereas reverberance in urban spaces does not yield consistent preference judgments. It is posited that the subjective evaluation of reverberance can be replaced by physical measurements. The categories extracted from the qualitative analysis revealed that spatial impressions such as openness and density emerged as some of the contexts of soundscape perception.
本研究旨在描述融合景观、声学和光照的城市空间，并通过定量和定性分析研究人们对城市声景的感知。通过一般问卷调查和声音漫步进行了声景感知研究。非听觉因素（视觉形象、日光和嗅觉感知）以及声学舒适度被选为影响声景感知的主要环境因素，并使用 11 点数字量表评估环境偏好和整体印象。对于定性分析，以社会调查的形式进行了语义差异测试，还要求受试者在声音漫步过程中描述他们的印象。结果表明，城市声景可以用声音标志物来描述，声景感知主要由声学舒适度、视觉形象和日光决定，而城市空间的混响不会产生一致的偏好判断。据推测，混响的主观评价可以用物理测量来代替。从定性分析中提取的类别表明，开放性和密度等空间印象是声景感知的一些环境因素。
