Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
Environ Pollut. 2012 Jun;165:250-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.11.029. Epub 2012 Jan 5.
The uptake and depuration of a range of pharmaceuticals in the freshwater shrimp (Gammarus pulex) and the water boatman (Notonecta glauca) was studied. For one compound, studies were also done using the freshwater snail Planobarius corneus. In G. pulex, bioconcentration factors (BCFs) ranged from 4.6 to 185,900 and increased in the order moclobemide < 5-fluoruracil < carbamazepine < diazepam < carvedilol < fluoxetine. In N. glauca BCFs ranged from 0.1 to 1.6 and increased in the order 5-fluorouracil < carbamazepine < moclobemide < diazepam < fluoxetine < carvedilol. For P. corneus, the BCF for carvedilol was 57.3. The differences in degree of uptake across the three organisms may be due to differences in mode of respiration, behaviour and the pH of the test system. BCFs of the pharmaceuticals for each organism were correlated to the pH-corrected liposome-water partition coefficient of the pharmaceuticals.
研究了一系列药物在淡水虾（Gammarus pulex）和水黾（Notonecta glauca）中的吸收和排泄情况。对于一种化合物，还使用淡水蜗牛Planobarius corneus 进行了研究。在 G. pulex 中，生物浓缩因子（BCF）的范围为 4.6 至 185,900，按莫昔普利<5-氟尿嘧啶<卡马西平<地西泮<卡维地洛<氟西汀的顺序增加。在 N. glauca 中，BCF 的范围为 0.1 至 1.6，按 5-氟尿嘧啶<卡马西平<莫昔普利<地西泮<氟西汀<卡维地洛的顺序增加。对于 P. corneus，卡维地洛的 BCF 为 57.3。三种生物体在吸收程度上的差异可能是由于呼吸方式、行为和测试系统 pH 值的不同造成的。每种生物体的药物 BCF 与药物的 pH 校正脂质体-水分配系数相关。
