Movement Disorders Section, Neuroscience Department, Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea, FLENI, Montañeses 232, 1428 Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012 May;18(4):358-61. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.12.001. Epub 2012 Jan 5.
BAKCKGROUND: Olfactory dysfunction is present in up to 90% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. It is usually evaluated by means of objective standardized tests; however no self-administered scales have been developed for olfactory dysfunction bedside assessment. We present validation of a new scale to assess this symptom in PD patients.
Seventy-five PD patients and 25 control subjects were evaluated using a Hyposmia Rating Scale developed in-house, combined with the extended Sniffin' Sticks test.
Total score of the 6-item Hyposmia Rating Scale showed significant correlation with threshold, discrimination, identification and total Sniffin' Sticks test scores (r = 0.53; r = 0.60; r = 0.57; r = 0.65 respectively, p < 0.001 for all values). Area under the curve of the receiver operating curve for the ability of Hyposmia Rating Scale to discriminate patients with Sniffin' Sticks test total scores below or above the cut-off point was 80 ± 6% (p < 0.001). Considering Sniffin' Sticks test as the gold standard method for olfactory dysfunction detection, an affirmative response to a single screening question about smelling ability problems showed 35% sensitivity (95%CI = 23-47%) and 100% specificity. The best cut-off point for Hyposmia Rating Scale was 22.5 with a sensitivity of 70% (60-81%) and a specificity of 85% (65-100%).
The Hyposmia Rating Scale here presented may offer a simple, cost-effective, time-saving and reliable approach to evaluate olfactory dysfunction in PD patients.
背景：嗅觉功能障碍存在于高达 90%的帕金森病（PD）患者中。它通常通过客观的标准化测试进行评估；然而，尚未开发出用于床边评估嗅觉功能障碍的自我管理量表。我们提出了一种新量表来评估 PD 患者的这种症状。
75 名 PD 患者和 25 名对照者使用我们内部开发的嗅觉减退量表和扩展的 Sniffin' Sticks 测试进行评估。
6 项嗅觉减退量表的总分与阈值、辨别力、识别力和总 Sniffin' Sticks 测试评分显著相关（r = 0.53；r = 0.60；r = 0.57；r = 0.65，所有值均 p < 0.001）。Hyposmia Rating Scale 区分 Sniffin' Sticks 测试总分低于或高于临界值的患者的曲线下面积为 80 ± 6%（p < 0.001）。考虑到 Sniffin' Sticks 测试是嗅觉功能障碍检测的金标准方法，对嗅觉能力问题的单一筛查问题的肯定回答显示出 35%的敏感性（95%CI = 23-47%）和 100%的特异性。Hyposmia Rating Scale 的最佳截断点为 22.5，灵敏度为 70%（60-81%），特异性为 85%（65-100%）。
本文提出的嗅觉减退量表可能为评估 PD 患者的嗅觉功能障碍提供了一种简单、经济有效、节省时间和可靠的方法。
