Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2012 Mar;6(1):54-9. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0b013e32834e3bd7.
To give an overview of promising novel agents under development for the prevention and reduction of gastrointestinal radiation injury.
Currently, several novel agents are being tested as drugs to prevent or reduce gastrointestinal radiation injury. These drugs may not only prevent injury, but also mitigate toxicity, that is, reduce injury after radiation exposure has occurred. Promising novel agents include the somatostatin analogue SOM230, growth factors, agents acting on the toll-like receptor 5 pathway, endothelial protectants, and the vitamin E analogue γ-tocotrienol.
Gastrointestinal radiation injury is the most important dose-limiting factor during radiotherapy of the abdomen or pelvis. It may severely affect the quality of life both during radiotherapy treatment and in cancer survivors. To date, there are no agents that can prevent or reduce intestinal radiation injury. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of novel drugs to ameliorate intestinal toxicity during and after radiotherapy. This review summarizes the several agents that have been shown to reduce intestinal radiation injury in animals. Further research is needed to investigate their safety and efficacy in patients receiving radiotherapy for abdominal or pelvic tumours.
介绍几种有前途的新型药物，用于预防和减少胃肠道放射性损伤。
目前，有几种新型药物正在被测试作为预防或减少胃肠道放射性损伤的药物。这些药物不仅可以预防损伤，而且可以减轻毒性，即减少放射性暴露后损伤的发生。有前途的新型药物包括生长抑素类似物 SOM230、生长因子、作用于 Toll 样受体 5 途径的药物、内皮保护剂和维生素 E 类似物 γ-生育三烯酚。
胃肠道放射性损伤是腹部或骨盆放疗的最重要剂量限制因素。它可能会严重影响放疗期间和癌症幸存者的生活质量。迄今为止，尚无药物可预防或减少肠道放射性损伤。因此，迫切需要开发新型药物来减轻放疗期间和放疗后的肠道毒性。本综述总结了几种已被证明可减少动物肠道放射性损伤的药物。需要进一步研究这些药物在接受腹部或盆腔肿瘤放疗的患者中的安全性和疗效。
