经验在儿童语音感知中的作用：言语语言病理学家与临床非训练听众的比较。
The role of experience in the perception of phonetic detail in children's speech: a comparison between speech-language pathologists and clinically untrained listeners.
机构信息
University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USA.
出版信息
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2012 May;21(2):124-39. doi: 10.1044/1058-0360(2011/11-0009). Epub 2012 Jan 9.
Abstract
PURPOSE
This study examined whether experienced speech-language pathologists (SLPs) differ from inexperienced people in their perception of phonetic detail in children's speech.
METHOD
Twenty-one experienced SLPs and 21 inexperienced listeners participated in a series of tasks in which they used a visual-analog scale (VAS) to rate children's natural productions of target /s/-/θ/, /t/-/k/, and /d/-// in word-initial position. Listeners rated the perceived distance between individual productions and ideal productions.
RESULTS
The experienced listeners' ratings differed from the inexperienced listeners' ratings in four ways: They had higher intrarater reliability, showed less bias toward a more frequent sound, and were more closely related to the acoustic characteristics of the children's speech. In addition, the experienced listeners' responses were related to a different set of predictor variables.
CONCLUSION
Results suggest that experience working as an SLP leads to better perception of phonetic detail in children's speech. Limitations and future research are discussed.
摘要
目的
本研究考察了经验丰富的言语语言病理学家（SLP）与缺乏经验的人在感知儿童言语中的语音细节方面是否存在差异。
方法
21 名经验丰富的 SLP 和 21 名缺乏经验的听众参与了一系列任务，他们使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）对儿童在单词起始位置自然发出的目标音 /s/-/θ/、/t/-/k/和 /d/-//进行评级。听众根据感知到的个体发音与理想发音之间的距离进行评分。
结果
在四个方面，有经验的听众的评分与缺乏经验的听众的评分存在差异：他们具有更高的组内可靠性，对更常见的声音表现出更小的偏差，并且与儿童言语的声学特征更为相关。此外，有经验的听众的反应与一组不同的预测变量相关。
结论
研究结果表明，作为 SLP 的工作经验会导致更好地感知儿童言语中的语音细节。讨论了局限性和未来的研究。
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