Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Prev Med. 2012 May;54 Suppl:S75-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.12.028. Epub 2011 Dec 31.
Ergothioneine (ET) is a sulfur containing amino acid that functions as an antioxidant. Mushrooms are a primary source of ET containing from 0.4 to 2.0mg/g (dry-weight). The bioavailability of ET from mushrooms in humans remains unclear.
We evaluated the bioavailability of ET in healthy men (n=10) in a pilot study, using a randomized, cross-over, dose-response, postprandial time-course design, conducted at the General Clinical Research Center at Pennsylvania State University in 2009.
ET was administered through a mushroom test meal containing 8 g and 16 g of mushroom powder. Postprandial red blood cell concentrations of ET were measured. Plasma glucose, triglycerides, HDL, LDL and total cholesterol also were monitored. Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress were evaluated using C-reactive protein and ORAC(total).
ET was bioavailable after consuming mushrooms and a trend in the postprandial triglyceride response indicated that there was a blunting effect after both the 8 g and 16 g ET doses were compared with the 0 g dose. Despite ET's antioxidant properties, ORAC(total) values decreased after the 8 g and 16 g mushroom meal.
Ergothioneine from A. bisporus mushrooms is bioavailable as assessed by red blood cell uptake postprandially, and consumption is associated with an attenuated postprandial TG response.
ergothioneine（ET）是一种含硫氨基酸，具有抗氧化作用。蘑菇是 ET 的主要来源，每克（干重）含 0.4 至 2.0 毫克。蘑菇 ET 在人体中的生物利用度尚不清楚。
我们在 2009 年于宾夕法尼亚州立大学综合临床研究中心进行了一项初步研究，采用随机、交叉、剂量反应、餐后时间进程设计，评估了健康男性（n=10）中 ET 的生物利用度。
通过含有 8 克和 16 克蘑菇粉的蘑菇测试餐给予 ET。测定 ET 餐后红细胞浓度。监测血糖、甘油三酯、HDL、LDL 和总胆固醇。采用 C-反应蛋白和 ORAC（总）评估炎症和氧化应激的生物标志物。
食用蘑菇后 ET 具有生物利用度，餐后甘油三酯反应呈趋势，与 0 克剂量相比，8 克和 16 克 ET 剂量均显示出钝化作用。尽管 ET 具有抗氧化特性，但在 8 克和 16 克蘑菇餐后，ORAC（总）值下降。
从双孢蘑菇中摄取的 ET 是生物可利用的，可通过餐后红细胞摄取来评估，其摄入与餐后甘油三酯反应减弱有关。
