Venters M H, Kottke T E, Solberg L I, Brekke M L, Rooney B
School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Rochester.
Am J Prev Med. 1990 Jul-Aug;6(4):185-93.
We analyzed data obtained from a representative sample of the smoking patients (n = 1,338) of 66 family physicians to determine predictors of attempts to stop smoking, desire to quit smoking, and successful smoking cessation. Compared to subjects who made no attempt to quit smoking, subjects who tried to quit smoking tended to be younger, had tried to quit smoking in the year prior to the study, waited longer before smoking their first cigarette of the day, had more desire to quit smoking, and had more social support for quitting. Education and cigarettes smoked per day were not independently related to the subject making a quit attempt. Desire to quit smoking was associated with an attempt to quit in the year prior to the study and social support for smoking cessation (support of spouse, second most important social contact, and physician). Desire to quit smoking was not independently related to age, education, or dependency on cigarettes (measured by the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the length of time a subject waited before smoking the first cigarette of the day). Compared to subjects who tried to quit and failed, subjects who succeeded were older, smoked fewer cigarettes per day, and waited longer to smoke their first cigarette of the day. Spouse support, support of the second most important social contact, and advice of a doctor to quit smoking were not independently related to whether or not a cessation attempt would be successful. These data suggest that successful smoking cessation requires two components: social support to make an attempt to quit and the ability to overcome dependency on cigarettes to make the attempt successful.
我们分析了从66位家庭医生的吸烟患者代表性样本（n = 1338）中获得的数据，以确定戒烟尝试、戒烟意愿和成功戒烟的预测因素。与未尝试戒烟的受试者相比，尝试戒烟的受试者往往更年轻，在研究前一年曾尝试戒烟，每天吸第一支烟前等待的时间更长，有更强的戒烟意愿，并且在戒烟方面获得更多社会支持。教育程度和每日吸烟量与受试者是否尝试戒烟并无独立关联。戒烟意愿与研究前一年的戒烟尝试以及戒烟的社会支持（配偶的支持、第二重要社会联系人的支持和医生的支持）相关。戒烟意愿与年龄、教育程度或对香烟的依赖程度（通过每日吸烟量和受试者吸第一支烟前等待的时间长度来衡量）并无独立关联。与尝试戒烟但失败的受试者相比，成功戒烟的受试者年龄更大，每日吸烟量更少，吸第一支烟前等待的时间更长。配偶的支持、第二重要社会联系人的支持以及医生的戒烟建议与戒烟尝试是否成功并无独立关联。这些数据表明，成功戒烟需要两个要素：尝试戒烟的社会支持以及克服对香烟的依赖以确保尝试成功的能力。
