Nanoprobe Laboratory for Bio- & Nanotechnology and Biomimetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1142, United States.
Langmuir. 2012 Jan 24;28(3):1698-714. doi: 10.1021/la2043729. Epub 2012 Jan 10.
Nature has evolved objects with desired functionality using commonly found materials. Nature capitalizes on hierarchical structures to achieve functionality. The understanding of the functions provided by objects and processes found in nature can guide us to produce nanomaterials, nanodevices, and processes with desirable functionality. Various natural objects which provide functionality of commercial interest have been characterized to understand how a natural object provides functionality. We have modeled and fabricated structures in the lab using nature's route and developed optimum structures. Once it is understood how nature does it, optimum structures have been fabricated using smart materials and fabrication techniques. This feature article provides an overview of four topics: Lotus effect, rose petal effect, gecko feet, and shark skin.
大自然利用常见的材料创造出具有理想功能的物体。大自然利用层次结构来实现功能。对自然界中物体和过程所提供的功能的理解，可以引导我们生产具有理想功能的纳米材料、纳米器件和工艺。各种具有商业价值的功能的天然物体已经被表征，以了解天然物体是如何提供功能的。我们已经使用自然的途径在实验室中建模和制造结构，并开发了最佳结构。一旦了解了大自然的运作方式，就可以使用智能材料和制造技术来制造最佳结构。本文综述了四个主题：荷叶效应、玫瑰花瓣效应、壁虎脚和鲨鱼皮。
