Miller C D, Asbury A J, Brown J H
Department of Anaesthetics, Stobhill General Hospital, Glasgow.
Br J Anaesth. 1990 Sep;65(3):415-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/65.3.415.
We have measured the onset and extent of the miotic effect of morphine and alfentanil in conscious patients. Forty unpremedicated ASA I and II patients were allocated randomly to four groups to receive either i.v. saline (control group), morphine 0.1 mg kg-1, alfentanil 4.0 micrograms kg-1 or a combination of these doses, and pupil diameters were measured for the next 30 min. There were no significant differences in the control diameters. In the opioid groups, a significant decrease in diameter (about 1 mm), occurred 4 min after administration of the drug and persisted throughout the study. The opioid groups behaved similarly for 25 min. After 10 min the mean diameter of the alfentanil group began to increase, but this did not reach statistical significance until after 25 min.
我们已测量了吗啡和阿芬太尼对清醒患者的缩瞳效应的起效时间和程度。40例未使用术前药的美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级为I级和II级的患者被随机分为四组，分别静脉注射生理盐水（对照组）、0.1 mg/kg的吗啡、4.0 μg/kg的阿芬太尼或这些剂量的组合，随后在接下来的30分钟内测量瞳孔直径。对照组的瞳孔直径无显著差异。在使用阿片类药物的组中，给药后4分钟出现瞳孔直径显著减小（约1毫米），并在整个研究过程中持续存在。使用阿片类药物的组在25分钟内表现相似。10分钟后，阿芬太尼组的平均瞳孔直径开始增加，但直到25分钟后才达到统计学显著性。
