Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
J Rehabil Med. 2012 Feb;44(2):163-71. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0912.
The aim of this study was to explore, from a gender perspective, patients' expectations prior to seeking healthcare for neck or back pain, and their subsequent experiences of the care and rehabilitation they received.
Thematized interviews with 12 patients, 7 women and 5 men, using open-ended questions, were analysed according to grounded theory. Each patient was interviewed before their first appointment with a physiotherapist or general practitioner and 3 months later.
Analysis resulted in 5 categories: "To be taken seriously", "Getting an explanation", "To be invited to participate", "To be assessed and treated individually", and "To be taken care of in a trustworthy environment", which were linked by a core category "Getting confirmation". Two ideal types were identified: the "Confident" type, characterized by self-confidence and pride, and the "Ambiguous" type, characterized by disparagement and shame. The categories were partly perceived in different ways from the two ideal types. The ideal types were not defined by sex; however, more men were found to be of the "Confident" type and more women of the "Ambiguous" type.
Gender appears to affect expectations and experiences, in addition to how patients view and express their problems. Healthcare professionals should take this into account in consultations.
本研究旨在从性别视角探讨患者在寻求颈痛或背痛治疗前的预期，以及他们随后对所接受的治疗和康复的体验。
对 12 名患者（7 名女性和 5 名男性）进行了主题式访谈，使用开放式问题，根据扎根理论进行了分析。每位患者在首次预约物理治疗师或全科医生之前以及 3 个月后接受了访谈。
分析产生了 5 个类别：“被认真对待”、“获得解释”、“被邀请参与”、“被单独评估和治疗”以及“在可信赖的环境中得到照顾”，这些类别由一个核心类别“获得确认”联系在一起。确定了两种理想类型：自信型，表现出自信心和自豪感；以及模糊型，表现出贬低和羞耻感。这些类别部分从两种理想类型的不同角度被感知。理想类型不是由性别定义的；然而，更多的男性被认为是“自信”型，更多的女性是“模糊”型。
性别似乎会影响预期和体验，以及患者如何看待和表达他们的问题。医疗保健专业人员在咨询中应考虑到这一点。
