Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital, 1 Children's Way, Slot 512-3, Little Rock, AR 72202-3591, USA.
Radiographics. 2012 Jan-Feb;32(1):87-98. doi: 10.1148/rg.321105764.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT) are increasingly being used in diagnosis and follow-up of congenital pulmonary vein anomalies in neonates and infants. Such anomalies include total or partial anomalous pulmonary venous return, sinus venosus defect, malposition of the septum primum, cor triatriatum, pulmonary vein atresia or stenosis, and abnormal number or course of the pulmonary veins. MR imaging provides a wealth of anatomic and functional data that are valuable in case management and planning intervention. Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography is the mainstay of anatomic evaluation. Ventricular volumetry with two-dimensional steady-state free-precession sequences and flow analysis with cine phase-contrast imaging provide physiologic information that may be used to calculate the degree of right heart enlargement and the shunt fraction, allowing the cardiologist to determine the functional importance of the lesion. CT provides superior spatial resolution and short imaging times but at the expense of exposure to ionizing radiation.
磁共振成像（MR）和计算机断层扫描（CT）越来越多地用于诊断和随访新生儿和婴儿的先天性肺静脉异常。这些异常包括完全或部分肺静脉回流异常、静脉窦缺损、原发隔位置异常、三房心、肺静脉闭锁或狭窄以及肺静脉数量或走行异常。MR 成像提供了大量的解剖和功能数据，对病例管理和干预计划有重要价值。钆增强磁共振血管造影是解剖评估的主要手段。二维稳态自由进动序列的心室容积测量和电影相位对比成像的流量分析提供了生理信息，可用于计算右心增大程度和分流分数，使心脏病专家能够确定病变的功能重要性。CT 提供了更高的空间分辨率和更短的成像时间，但代价是暴露于电离辐射。
