Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany.
Histol Histopathol. 2012 Mar;27(3):289-96. doi: 10.14670/HH-27.289.
For decades, macroscopic and microscopic analysis of human tissue specimens by pathologists has been the basis for disease classification. In recent years, there has been an increasingly better understanding of molecular alterations underlying the pathogenesis of cancers as well as the establishment and integration of novel molecular analyses into a histomorphological-based workflow. This has dramatically extended the possibilities of diagnostic pathology - from its descriptive role to a clinical advisory role on cancer classification including prognostic and predictive molecular pathological information. This review will focus on the recent developments of molecular pathological techniques and the current tools and applications of predictive pathology in view of targeted therapies in solid cancers.
几十年来，病理学家对人体组织标本进行宏观和微观分析一直是疾病分类的基础。近年来，人们对癌症发病机制的分子改变有了越来越深入的了解，并且将新型分子分析纳入了基于组织形态学的工作流程。这极大地扩展了诊断病理学的可能性——从描述性角色扩展到癌症分类的临床咨询角色，包括预后和预测性分子病理信息。鉴于实体瘤的靶向治疗，本综述将重点介绍分子病理学技术的最新发展以及预测病理学的当前工具和应用。
