Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2012 Apr;14(2):206-12. doi: 10.1007/s11912-012-0214-3.
Pediatric brain tumors are the second most common form of childhood malignancy. Brain tumors are a very heterogenous group of tumors and the pathogenesis of many of these tumors is yet to be clearly elucidated. Current diagnostic tools include histopathology and immunohistochemistry, but classification based on these means has significant limitations. As our understanding of the molecular biology of individual tumors continues to increase it has led to the identification of reliable and increasingly available molecular biomarkers. Molecular techniques are likely to complement current standard means of investigation and help not only overcome diagnostic challenges but may also result in better disease classification and risk stratification, leading to more personalized therapeutic approaches.
小儿脑肿瘤是儿童期第二常见的恶性肿瘤。脑肿瘤是一组非常异质性的肿瘤，其中许多肿瘤的发病机制仍未阐明。目前的诊断工具包括组织病理学和免疫组织化学，但基于这些方法的分类有很大的局限性。随着我们对个体肿瘤分子生物学的理解不断加深，已经确定了可靠且越来越可用的分子生物标志物。分子技术可能会补充当前标准的研究手段，不仅有助于克服诊断挑战，而且还可能导致更好的疾病分类和风险分层，从而实现更具个性化的治疗方法。
