Hayes Mairead, Curley Gerard, Laffey John G
F1000 Med Rep. 2012;4:2. doi: 10.3410/M4-2. Epub 2012 Jan 3.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) constitutes a spectrum of severe acute respiratory failure in response to a variety of inciting stimuli that is the leading cause of death and disability in the critically ill. Despite decades of research, there are no therapies for ARDS, and management remains supportive. A growing understanding of the complexity of the pathophysiology of ARDS, coupled with advances in stem cell biology, has lead to a renewed interest in the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells for ARDS. Recent evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells can modulate the immune response to reduce injury and also increase resistance to infection, while also facilitating regeneration and repair of the injured lung. This unique combination of effects has generated considerable excitement. We review the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells that underlie their therapeutic potential for ARDS. We also summarise existing pre-clinical evidence, evaluate the potential and pitfalls of using mesenchymal stem cells for treatment, and examine the likely future directions for mesenchymal stem cells in ARDS.
急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）是由多种激发刺激引发的一系列严重急性呼吸衰竭，是危重症患者死亡和致残的主要原因。尽管经过数十年研究，但ARDS仍无特效疗法，治疗仍以支持治疗为主。随着对ARDS病理生理学复杂性的认识不断加深，以及干细胞生物学的进展，人们对间充质干细胞治疗ARDS的潜力重新产生了兴趣。最近的证据表明，间充质干细胞可以调节免疫反应以减轻损伤，还能增强抗感染能力，同时促进受损肺组织的再生和修复。这种独特的综合效应引发了广泛关注。我们综述了间充质干细胞的生物学特性，这些特性构成了其治疗ARDS的潜力基础。我们还总结了现有的临床前证据，评估了使用间充质干细胞治疗的潜力和风险，并探讨了间充质干细胞在ARDS治疗中可能的未来发展方向。
