Department of Health Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
J Sch Health. 2012 Feb;82(2):57-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00667.x.
Understanding the cognitive attributions of smoking has the potential to advance youth smoking prevention efforts; however, research on this subject is limited in Asian countries. We attempted to determine the degree to which cognitive attributions of smoking differ among adolescents in 2 Asian countries, Thailand and South Korea.
We surveyed 10th- to 12th-grade students in Chiang Mai, Thailand (N = 2516) and Seoul, South Korea (N = 1166). Logistic regression determined association of attributions and current smoking and differences in attributions between Thai and South Korean students.
Items with the highest agreement among South Koreans were "helps me to deal with stress" and "helps relax" and among Thai were "feel like I am making my own decisions" and "keeps from being bored." Significant predictors of current smoking were different between samples. Only 1 cognitive attribution predicted current smoking in both samples ("helps me to deal with stress").
The pattern of relevant cognitive attributions of smoking for the 2 samples was distinct, suggesting that cross-cultural differences merit consideration when designing prevention and cessation programs. Health education should strive to dispel the use of smoking as a coping strategy for dealing with stressful situations and distressful feelings and teach adolescents alternative healthy strategies for dealing with stress.
了解吸烟的认知归因有潜力推进青少年吸烟预防工作；然而，这一主题的研究在亚洲国家有限。我们试图确定吸烟认知归因在泰国和韩国两个亚洲国家的青少年中存在多大差异。
我们调查了泰国清迈（N=2516）和韩国首尔（N=1166）的 10 至 12 年级学生。逻辑回归确定了归因与当前吸烟之间的关联，以及泰国和韩国学生之间归因的差异。
韩国学生中最一致的项目是“帮助我应对压力”和“帮助放松”，而泰国学生中最一致的项目是“感觉自己在做自己的决定”和“避免无聊”。当前吸烟的显著预测因素在样本之间不同。只有 1 个认知归因在两个样本中预测了当前吸烟（“帮助我应对压力”）。
这两个样本中与吸烟相关的认知归因模式截然不同，这表明在设计预防和戒烟计划时应考虑跨文化差异。健康教育应努力消除将吸烟作为应对压力和痛苦情绪的应对策略，并教导青少年使用其他健康的应对压力策略。
