Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2012 Mar;33(2):252-61. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2011.12.004. Epub 2011 Dec 10.
Physiological and biochemical responses in kidneys of fishes with different trophic levels to toxic cyanobacterial blooms were studied. We sampled four fishes: the phytoplanktivorous Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis, the omnivorous Carassius auratus, and the carnivorous Culter ilishaeformis. Alterations of the antioxidant (GSH) and the major antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GPx, GST) were monitored monthly. Catalase and glutathione S-transferase were significantly higher during blooms than before and after blooms. All fishes showed ultrastructural alterations during blooms, which mainly are inosculation of foot processes in epithelial cell of glomeruli and mitochondria swelling in the proximal tubules. The results suggested that kidney impairment from chronic exposure of toxic cyanobacterial blooms might be the first step, and then followed by hepatic failure. Compared with livers in terms of physiological status, the weaker antioxidant ability of kidney made it more susceptible to chronic MCs exposure, besides its effective accumulation of MC metabolites.
研究了不同营养层次鱼类肾脏对有毒蓝藻水华的生理和生化反应。我们采集了四种鱼类样本：食植物性的鲢鱼和草鱼、杂食性的鲤鱼和肉食性的翘嘴红鲌。每月监测抗氧化剂 (GSH) 和主要抗氧化酶 (CAT、SOD、GPx、GST) 的变化。在水华期间，过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶的活性显著高于水华前和水华后。所有鱼类在水华期间均表现出超微结构改变，主要表现为肾小球足细胞的融合和近端肾小管中线粒体的肿胀。研究结果表明，鱼类肾脏在长期暴露于有毒蓝藻水华后受到损害，可能是导致肝衰竭的第一步。与肝脏相比，肾脏的抗氧化能力较弱，使其更容易受到慢性 MC 暴露的影响，此外，肾脏对 MC 代谢物的有效积累也使其更容易受到影响。
