Lee A J, Crombie I K, Smith W C, Tunstall-Pedoe H
Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
Br J Addict. 1990 Sep;85(9):1165-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb03441.x.
There is growing concern about the relationship between health-related behaviour and employment status. Data from the Scottish Heart Health Study included information on the self-reported drinking habits of 4170 full-time employed and 479 unemployed men. This enabled the patterns of alcohol consumption in the unemployed to be compared to those of the full-time workers. There were appreciable differences in both frequency and quantity of reported alcohol consumption between the two groups and a higher percentage of the unemployed reported being non-drinkers. Nevertheless, the unemployed drinkers drank more alcohol than those in employment, even after standardization for both age and social class (27.9 units vs 20.7 units per week). Binge drinking was common in both groups, but the proportion was higher among the unemployed (58.8% of the unemployed reported drinking more than eight units in any day in the previous week compared to 33.5% among the full-time workers). In an attempt to validate these findings and to assess the possible health consequences of heavy drinking, serum gamma-glutamyltransferase levels were analysed. Overall, the unemployed were found to have higher levels, this finding being largely influenced by the excess of heavy drinkers. The reasons behind these differences in drinking behaviour between the employed and unemployed need to be identified before any cause and effect hypotheses can be generated, and counselling given where needed.
人们越来越关注与健康相关的行为和就业状况之间的关系。苏格兰心脏健康研究的数据包含了4170名全职就业男性和479名失业男性自我报告的饮酒习惯信息。这使得能够将失业者的酒精消费模式与全职工作者的模式进行比较。两组在报告的酒精消费频率和数量上都存在明显差异，且失业者中报告不饮酒的比例更高。然而，即使在对年龄和社会阶层进行标准化之后，失业饮酒者的饮酒量仍高于就业者（每周27.9单位 vs 20.7单位）。两组中狂饮都很常见，但失业者中的比例更高（58.8%的失业者报告在前一周的任何一天饮酒超过8单位，而全职工作者中这一比例为33.5%）。为了验证这些发现并评估大量饮酒可能对健康造成的后果，对血清γ-谷氨酰转移酶水平进行了分析。总体而言，发现失业者的水平更高，这一发现很大程度上受到大量饮酒者过多的影响。在能够提出任何因果假设并在需要时提供咨询之前，需要确定就业者和失业者饮酒行为存在这些差异的背后原因。
