Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1198, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2012 Feb;32(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2011.10.001. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
The default response of the mucosal immune system to antigens derived from food is one of active immune tolerance carried out by regulatory T cells and induced by dendritic cells residing in the intestinal mucosa. This tolerance response must be inhibited or bypassed to generate allergic sensitization in experimental food allergy and this has been achieved by 3 main approaches: genetic modifications, experimental adjuvants, and bypassing oral tolerance by administering the antigen through alternative routes. This article discusses the implications of these approaches for understanding the mechanisms of sensitization to food allergens in human disease.
黏膜免疫系统对来源于食物的抗原的默认反应是由调节性 T 细胞执行的主动免疫耐受，由存在于肠黏膜的树突状细胞诱导。这种耐受反应必须被抑制或绕过，才能在实验性食物过敏中产生过敏致敏，这已经通过 3 种主要方法来实现：遗传修饰、实验性佐剂和通过替代途径给予抗原来绕过口服耐受。本文讨论了这些方法对理解人类疾病中食物过敏原致敏机制的意义。
