Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
EMBO J. 2012 Mar 21;31(6):1350-63. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2011.494. Epub 2012 Jan 13.
Retrograde axonal injury signalling stimulates cell body responses in lesioned peripheral neurons. The involvement of importins in retrograde transport suggests that transcription factors (TFs) might be directly involved in axonal injury signalling. Here, we show that multiple TFs are found in axons and associate with dynein in axoplasm from injured nerve. Biochemical and functional validation for one TF family establishes that axonal STAT3 is locally translated and activated upon injury, and is transported retrogradely with dynein and importin α5 to modulate survival of peripheral sensory neurons after injury. Hence, retrograde transport of TFs from axonal lesion sites provides a direct link between axon and nucleus.
逆行轴突损伤信号刺激受损外周神经元的细胞体反应。进口蛋白在逆行运输中的参与表明转录因子（TFs）可能直接参与轴突损伤信号。在这里，我们发现多个 TFs 存在于轴突中，并与损伤神经轴浆中的动力蛋白结合。对一个 TF 家族的生化和功能验证表明，轴突 STAT3 在损伤后局部翻译和激活，并与动力蛋白和 importin α5 一起逆行运输，以调节损伤后周围感觉神经元的存活。因此，TFs 从轴突损伤部位的逆行运输提供了轴突和核之间的直接联系。
