Department of Dentistry, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 4, Naples 80131, Italy.
Tob Control. 2012 Jul;21(4):392-5. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050217. Epub 2012 Jan 13.
Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a serious public health threat and represents a preventable cause of morbidity among children. Sleep bruxism is characterised by teeth grinding or clenching movements during sleep and may begin in adulthood as well as in childhood.
To investigate the association between SHS exposure and sleep bruxism in children.
Sleep bruxism was investigated in 498 children (mean age: 9.2±1.9). Family members were interviewed and asked whether they smoked in the presence of their children. Children were classified according to their exposure to SHS into heavily, moderately, lightly and occasionally exposed. Children with sleep bruxism and exposed to SHS were randomly divided into two groups: children in group 1 were not exposed to SHS for 6 months, whereas children in group 2 were.
Thirty-one per cent of the children under investigation suffered from bruxism. Among them, 116 children (76%) were exposed to SHS. Exposed children showed a higher risk of sleep bruxism (p<0.05). After 6 months, sleep bruxism was found in 38% and in 90% of children, in the first and in the second group, respectively, this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). In group 1, changes were statistically significant in those who were heavily and moderately exposed (p<0.05) but not in those lightly and occasionally exposed (p>0.05). In group 2, changes were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
The findings showed that high and moderate exposure to SHS is associated with sleep bruxism in children.
二手烟（SHS）暴露是一个严重的公共卫生威胁，也是儿童发病的可预防原因之一。睡眠磨牙症的特征是在睡眠中磨牙或咬紧牙齿，可能在成年期以及儿童期开始。
调查儿童 SHS 暴露与睡眠磨牙症之间的关系。
对 498 名儿童（平均年龄：9.2±1.9）进行了睡眠磨牙症调查。对家庭成员进行了访谈，并询问他们是否在孩子面前吸烟。根据儿童 SHS 暴露情况，将儿童分为重度、中度、轻度和偶尔暴露。有睡眠磨牙症且暴露于 SHS 的儿童被随机分为两组：第 1 组儿童 6 个月内不接触 SHS，第 2 组儿童接触 SHS。
在所调查的儿童中，有 31%患有磨牙症。其中，116 名儿童（76%）暴露于 SHS。暴露于 SHS 的儿童患睡眠磨牙症的风险更高（p<0.05）。6 个月后，第 1 组和第 2 组中分别有 38%和 90%的儿童出现睡眠磨牙症，差异有统计学意义（p<0.05）。第 1 组中，重度和中度暴露的儿童变化具有统计学意义（p<0.05），但轻度和偶尔暴露的儿童变化无统计学意义（p>0.05）。第 2 组中，变化无统计学意义（p>0.05）。
研究结果表明，高暴露和中度暴露于 SHS 与儿童睡眠磨牙症有关。
