Healthy Centre of Third XiangYa Hospital, ZhongNan University, ChangSha 410013, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2011;11(12):11064-80. doi: 10.3390/s111211064. Epub 2011 Nov 28.
Serological thymidine kinase 1 (STK1) is a reliable proliferation marker for prognosis, monitoring tumour therapy, and relapse. Here we investigated the use of STK1 in health screening for early detection of pre-malignant and malignant diseases. The investigation was based on 35,365 participants in four independent health screening studies in China between 2005-2011. All participants were clinically examined. The concentration of STK1 was determined by a sensitive chemiluminescent dot blot ECL assay. The ROCvalue of the STK1 assay was 0.96. At a cut-off STK1 value of 2.0 pM, the likelihood (+) value was 236.5, and the sensitivity and the specificity were 0.78 and 0.99, respectively. The relative number of city-dwelling people with elevated STK1 values (≥2.0 pM) was 0.8% (198/26,484), while the corresponding value for the group of oil-field workers was 5.8% (514/8,355). The latter group expressed significantly higher frequency of refractory anaemia, fatty liver, and obesity, compared to the city dwellers, but no cases of breast hyperplasia or prostate hyperplasia. Furthermore, people working in oil drilling/oil transportation showed higher STK1 values and higher frequency of pre-malignancies and benign diseases than people working in the oil-field administration. In the STK1 elevated group of the city-dwelling people, a statistically significantly higher number of people were found to have malignancies, pre-malignancies of all types, moderate/severe type of hyperplasia of breast or prostate, or refractory anaemia, or to be at high risk for hepatitis B, compared to people with normal STK1 values (<2.0 pM). No malignancies were found in the normal STK1 group. In the elevated STK1 group 85.4% showed diseases linked to a higher risk for pre-/early cancerous progression, compared to 52.4% of those with normal STK1 values. Among participants with elevated STK1 values, 8.8% developed new malignancies or progress in their pre-malignancies within 5 to 72 months, compared to 0.2% among people with normal STK1 values. People who showed elevated STK1 values were at about three to five times higher risk to develop malignancies compared to a calculated risk based on a cancer incidence rate of 0.2-0.3%. We conclude that serological TK1 protein concentration is a reliable marker for risk assessment of pre/early cancerous progression.
血清胸苷激酶 1（STK1）是一种可靠的增殖标志物，可用于预后评估、监测肿瘤治疗和复发。在这里，我们研究了 STK1 在健康筛查中的应用，以早期发现癌前和恶性疾病。该研究基于 2005-2011 年间在中国进行的四项独立健康筛查研究中的 35365 名参与者。所有参与者均接受了临床检查。STK1 的浓度通过敏感的化学发光斑点印迹 ECL 测定法确定。STK1 检测的 ROC 值为 0.96。在 STK1 检测值为 2.0 pM 的截断值下，可能性（+）值为 236.5，灵敏度和特异性分别为 0.78 和 0.99。居住在城市的 STK1 值升高（≥2.0 pM）的人数比例为 0.8%（198/26484），而油田工人组的这一比例为 5.8%（514/8355）。与城市居民相比，后者组表达了更高频率的难治性贫血、脂肪肝和肥胖，但没有乳腺增生或前列腺增生的病例。此外，从事钻井/输油工作的人 STK1 值较高，癌前病变和良性疾病的发生率也较高，而从事油田管理工作的人则较低。在城市居民的 STK1 升高组中，与 STK1 值正常（<2.0 pM）的人相比，统计学上有更多的人患有恶性肿瘤、各种类型的癌前病变、乳腺或前列腺中度/重度增生、难治性贫血，或有患乙型肝炎的高风险。在正常 STK1 组中未发现恶性肿瘤。在 STK1 升高组中，85.4%的人表现出与癌前/早期癌症进展风险增加相关的疾病，而 STK1 值正常的人只有 52.4%。在 STK1 值升高的参与者中，有 8.8%的人在 5 至 72 个月内出现新的恶性肿瘤或癌前病变进展，而 STK1 值正常的人只有 0.2%。与基于 0.2-0.3%的癌症发病率计算的风险相比，STK1 值升高的人患恶性肿瘤的风险增加了约 3 至 5 倍。我们的结论是，血清 TK1 蛋白浓度是评估癌前/早期癌症进展风险的可靠标志物。
