Division of Epidemiology and Prevention of Communicable Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, WHO Collaborating Centre for Travellers' Health, Hirschengraben 84/E29, Zurich, Switzerland.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2012 Feb;12(2):142-9. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70293-6. Epub 2012 Jan 16.
Mass gatherings (MGs) have been associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases, accidents, and terrorist attacks, thus posing complex public health challenges. We assessed the health risks and public health responses to MGs to identify an evidence-based framework for public health interventions. Human stampedes and heat-related illnesses are the leading causes of mortality. Minor traumatic injuries and medical complaints are the main contributors to morbidity and, particularly, the need for on-site medical care. Infrastructure, crowd density and mood, weather, age, and sex determine the risks to health. Many predictive models for deployment of medical resources are proposed, but none have been validated. We identified the risks for mortality and morbidity during MGs, most efficient public health interventions, and need for robust research into health risks for non-communicable diseases during MGs.
大规模集会（MGs）与非传染性疾病、事故和恐怖袭击导致的高发病率和死亡率有关，因此带来了复杂的公共卫生挑战。我们评估了 MGs 的健康风险和公共卫生应对措施，以确定基于证据的公共卫生干预框架。人群踩踏和与热有关的疾病是导致死亡的主要原因。轻微创伤和医疗投诉是发病率的主要原因，特别是需要现场医疗护理。基础设施、人群密度和情绪、天气、年龄和性别决定了健康风险。提出了许多用于部署医疗资源的预测模型，但尚未得到验证。我们确定了 MGs 期间的死亡率和发病率风险、最有效的公共卫生干预措施以及对 MGs 期间非传染性疾病健康风险进行强有力研究的必要性。
