Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Cancer Med. 2022 Jun;11(11):2308-2319. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4614. Epub 2022 Mar 3.
Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) survival had no significant improvement since 1990 in the United States. This study aims to get insight into the changing trend and distribution of death causes of PSCC. The epidemiology of PSCC is also investigated.
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) (1992-2018) database is utilized to get patients diagnosed with penile squamous cell carcinoma. The trend of incidence, distribution of age, changing trend and distribution of death cause, and survival outcome are analyzed for all PSCC patients and each race.
Three thousand four hundred and twenty-three male patients with PSCC are enrolled in our study. The age-adjusted incidence rate of the white has a slight increase (Annual percent change [APC] = 0.647%). American Indian/Alaska Native men have the highest average annual incidence, while Asian /Pacific Islander men have the lowest. PSCC patients aged 70-80 are the most common, and patients over 80 years have the highest 3-year (50%) and 5-year (63.93%) mortality rate. Non-cancer disease, especially circulatory system disease, is the most common cause of death, whereas the proportion of patients who died of PSCC significantly increased from 21.17% (1992-2001) to 41.3% (2012-2017) in PSCC patients (p < 0.001). These results have not changed significantly when we only focus on primary PSCC without previous malignant tumors. Hispanics are shown better overall survival than non-Hispanic White and non- Hispanic Black men. (p < 0.001) No statistical differences in cancer-specific survival are observed (p = 0.15).
The current study provides essential initial data regarding the presentation and clinical outcomes of PSCC patients. Notably, non-cancer disease, especially circulatory system disease, is the more common cause of death than PSCC. However, the proportion of patients who died of penile squamous cell carcinoma has a relatively significant increase in recent years. The increasing trends in the advanced stage of PSCC patients might account for this change.
自 1990 年以来，美国阴茎鳞癌（PSCC）患者的生存率没有显著提高。本研究旨在深入了解 PSCC 死亡原因的变化趋势和分布。还调查了 PSCC 的流行病学。
利用监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）（1992-2018 年）数据库获取诊断为阴茎鳞癌的患者。分析所有 PSCC 患者和每个种族的发病率趋势、年龄分布、变化趋势和死亡原因分布以及生存结果。
本研究共纳入 3423 名男性 PSCC 患者。白人的年龄调整发病率略有增加（APC=0.647%）。美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民男性的平均年发病率最高，而亚洲/太平洋岛民男性的发病率最低。70-80 岁的 PSCC 患者最为常见，80 岁以上的患者 3 年（50%）和 5 年（63.93%）死亡率最高。非癌症疾病，尤其是循环系统疾病，是最常见的死亡原因，而死于 PSCC 的患者比例从 1992-2001 年的 21.17%显著增加到 2012-2017 年的 41.3%（p<0.001）。当我们只关注没有先前恶性肿瘤的原发性 PSCC 时，这些结果没有显著变化。与非西班牙裔白人和非西班牙裔黑人男性相比，西班牙裔的总体生存率更好（p<0.001）。在癌症特异性生存率方面没有观察到统计学差异（p=0.15）。
本研究提供了关于 PSCC 患者表现和临床结果的基本初始数据。值得注意的是，非癌症疾病，尤其是循环系统疾病，是比 PSCC 更常见的死亡原因。然而，近年来死于阴茎鳞癌的患者比例相对显著增加。PSCC 患者晚期阶段的上升趋势可能是导致这种变化的原因。
