Hiraizumi Y, Fujimaki E, Tachikawa T
Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1990 Nov(260):287-96.
Despite difficulty in long-term maintenance of spinalized rabbits, muscular pathologic changes in chronic spinalized rabbits could be observed for a period of four weeks. Rabbits were prepared by spinal cord transection at T10 (spastic paralysis) or by spinal cord removal below L7 (flaccid paralysis). Spastic preparations showed hind-limb spasticity and reflex incontinence one to two days after operation. Hypertrophic fibers began to appear in spastic muscles after two weeks. This hypertrophy, thought to be caused by phasic repetitive contraction, was verified by electron microscopy to be different from normal exercise hypertrophy. Flaccid preparations maintained hind-limb flaccidity and overflow incontinence. In flaccid muscle, marked muscle fiber necrosis indicated rapid atrophy. Spinal deformity and joint contracture inactivate spinalized rabbits, and cause pressure sores. However, feeding assistance and avoidance of complications make long-term maintenance possible.
尽管长期维持脊髓损伤兔存在困难，但在慢性脊髓损伤兔中可观察到长达四周的肌肉病理变化。通过在T10水平横断脊髓（痉挛性麻痹）或切除L7以下的脊髓（弛缓性麻痹）来制备兔模型。痉挛性模型在术后一到两天出现后肢痉挛和反射性尿失禁。两周后，痉挛性肌肉中开始出现肥大纤维。这种肥大被认为是由阶段性重复收缩引起的，电子显微镜证实其与正常运动性肥大不同。弛缓性模型维持后肢弛缓和充溢性尿失禁。在弛缓性肌肉中，明显的肌纤维坏死表明快速萎缩。脊柱畸形和关节挛缩会使脊髓损伤兔失去活动能力，并导致压疮。然而，给予喂食帮助并避免并发症可实现长期维持。
