Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Grosse Hamburger Str. 5–11, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2011 Dec;108(50):849-53. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2011.0849. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
The human cerebrum is asymmetrical, consisting of two hemispheres with differing functions. Recent epidemiological and neurobiological research has shed new light on the development of the cerebral lateralization of motor processes, including handedness. In this article, we present these findings from a medical perspective.
We selectively searched the PubMed online database for articles including the terms "handedness," "left handedness," "right handedness," and "cerebral lateralization." Highly ranked and commonly cited articles were included in our analysis.
The emergence of handedness has been explained by physiological and pathological models. Handedness arose early in evolution and has probably been constitutive for the development of higher cognitive functions. For instance, handedness may have provided the basis for the development of speech and fine motor skills, both of which have played a critical role in the evolution of mankind. The disadvantages of certain types of handedness are discussed, as some cases seem to be associated with disease.
The consideration of handedness from the epidemiological, neurobiological, and medical points of view provides insight into cerebral lateralization.
人类大脑是不对称的,由两个具有不同功能的半球组成。最近的流行病学和神经生物学研究揭示了运动过程大脑侧化的发展,包括惯用手。本文从医学角度介绍这些发现。
我们有选择性地在 PubMed 在线数据库中搜索包含“惯用手”、“左利手”、“右利手”和“大脑侧化”等术语的文章。我们纳入了排名高和引用多的文章进行分析。
惯用手的出现可以用生理和病理模型来解释。惯用手在进化早期就出现了,可能对高级认知功能的发展起了决定性作用。例如,惯用手可能为语言和精细运动技能的发展提供了基础,这两者在人类进化中都起着至关重要的作用。我们还讨论了某些类型惯用手的缺点,因为有些情况似乎与疾病有关。
从流行病学、神经生物学和医学的角度考虑惯用手,可以深入了解大脑侧化。