Santos M A, Pires F, Hall A
Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1990 Aug;20(1):10-9. doi: 10.1016/0147-6513(90)90041-3.
Yellow eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) with an average weight of 60 g were used in this experiment. The fish were caught in June/July at the Aveiro Lagoon on the Portuguese West Coast, transported to the Department of Biology, Aveiro University, and kept in aerated aquaria for 1 week before the experiment started. The eels were then exposed for 1 and 3 weeks to 75 and 50% of the kraft pulp mill effluent. The eels exposed to the kraft pulp mill effluent developed an increase in red blood cell number per cubic millimeter and several biochemical changes, such as an increase in plasma lactate and sodium and a decrease in plasma pyruvate and potassium. Histological examination of the experimental eels exposed to the 50% kraft pulp mill effluent revealed deep alteration of the tissue structure, such as disruption of the skin and edematous hypertrophy of covering epithelial cells in secondary gill lamellae. The kidney had damage of the renal tubules. The liver developed necrosis supported by a significant decrease in GOT and GPT activity. The spleen had an increase in blood content as well as in pigment centers. Previous results indicated the kraft pulp mill effluent causes tissue damage and consequent metabolic changes in the eel Anguilla anguilla L.
本实验使用平均体重为60克的黄鳝（欧洲鳗鲡）。这些鱼于6月/7月在葡萄牙西海岸的阿威罗泻湖捕获，被运至阿威罗大学生物系，并在实验开始前在充气水族箱中饲养1周。然后，将黄鳝分别暴露于75%和50%的硫酸盐制浆厂废水环境中1周和3周。暴露于硫酸盐制浆厂废水的黄鳝每立方毫米红细胞数量增加，并出现了一些生化变化，如血浆乳酸和钠含量增加，血浆丙酮酸和钾含量降低。对暴露于50%硫酸盐制浆厂废水的实验黄鳝进行组织学检查发现，组织结构发生了深度改变，如皮肤破裂和次生鳃小片覆盖上皮细胞的水肿性肥大。肾脏出现肾小管损伤。肝脏出现坏死，谷草转氨酶（GOT）和谷丙转氨酶（GPT）活性显著降低。脾脏的血液含量以及色素中心增加。先前的结果表明，硫酸盐制浆厂废水会对欧洲鳗鲡造成组织损伤并导致代谢变化。
