Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council, Calle José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Atherosclerosis. 2012 Mar;221(1):260-7. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.12.032. Epub 2011 Dec 29.
Atherogenesis involves an inflammatory process that occurs early in life even though clinical symptoms are not observed until adulthood. Two important protective factors for low-grade inflammation may be physical activity (PA) and fitness. We examined the independent associations of objective and subjective measurements of PA and fitness with low-grade inflammation in European adolescents.
A total of 1045 adolescents, aged from 12.5 to 17.5 years old from 10 European cities, were selected from the HELENA-Cross-Sectional Study. Objectively-measured and self-reported PA variables were obtained by accelerometry and the International PA Questionnaire for Adolescents, respectively. Overall, cardiorespiratory, muscular and motor fitness variables were assessed by standardized field-based fitness tests and the International Fitness Scale. C-reactive protein (CRP), complement factors 3 (C3) and 4 (C4), interleukin-6 and TNF-α inflammatory markers were measured.
Objectively-measured vigorous PA was inversely associated with C3 (β=-0.094, P=0.021) but it did not remain significant after any objective fitness indicator was included in the model. Other objectively measured or self-reported assessments of PA were not significantly associated with inflammatory markers. All objective measures of fitness were inversely associated with CRP, C3 and C4, whereas only self-reported motor fitness remained significantly associated with C3, C4 and TNF-α. All these observations were independent of age, sex, city and body mass index or waist circumference.
High PA in adolescence may play an indirect role on lessening low-grade inflammation through improvements in fitness.
动脉粥样硬化形成涉及炎症过程，即使在成年后才观察到临床症状，但该过程早在生命早期就已发生。对于低度炎症，有两个重要的保护因素可能是身体活动（PA）和健康。我们研究了客观和主观测量的 PA 和健康与欧洲青少年低度炎症的独立关联。
从 HELENA 横断面研究中选择了来自 10 个欧洲城市的 1045 名年龄在 12.5 至 17.5 岁的青少年。通过加速度计获得客观测量和自我报告的 PA 变量，通过标准化的现场体能测试和国际体能量表获得总体心肺、肌肉和运动健康变量。C 反应蛋白（CRP）、补体因子 3（C3）和 4（C4）、白细胞介素 6 和 TNF-α 炎症标志物进行了测量。
客观测量的剧烈 PA 与 C3 呈负相关（β=-0.094，P=0.021），但在模型中纳入任何客观健康指标后，这一相关性不再显著。其他客观测量或自我报告的 PA 评估与炎症标志物没有显著关联。所有客观的健康测量均与 CRP、C3 和 C4 呈负相关，而只有自我报告的运动健康与 C3、C4 和 TNF-α 仍呈显著相关。所有这些观察结果均独立于年龄、性别、城市以及体重指数或腰围。
青少年时期的高 PA 可能通过改善健康来间接发挥作用，减轻低度炎症。
