Unità di Protezione delle Piante e Biodiversità Agroforestale, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Technology Transfer Centre, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2012 Mar;56(3):209-19. doi: 10.1007/s10493-012-9511-7. Epub 2012 Jan 22.
Eotetranychus carpini (Oudemans) is an important pest of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) in southern Europe. This mite is also found on a number of different plants, including Carpinus betulus L., which commonly occurs in stands and hedgerows bordering vineyards, where it may serve as a potential mite reservoir. The economic importance of this pest has motivated a number of studies aimed at investigating whether the mites found on V. vinifera and C. betulus are conspecific. The results obtained to date have been inconclusive. In this study, we used biological and molecular approaches to investigate this issue. First, we conducted host-switch experiments to test the ability of E. carpini to develop on an alternative host plant, using mite populations originally collected on either C. betulus or V. vinifera plants from the same area. Second, we investigated DNA-based differentiation using nucleotide sequences of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the ribosomal DNA of individual E. carpini from the populations examined in our host-plant experiments. We also analyzed sequences of individuals collected in other regions (Italy and Slovenia) to estimate species variation. The results from our host-switch experiments suggest the differentiation of mites collected on the two hosts. Mites collected from C. betulus did not survive and reproduce on V. vinifera and vice versa. Our molecular work revealed significant genetic differentiation between the mites collected from the two hosts, but no evidence of genetic variation among specimens collected from the same host species. Our results indicate the existence of host races of E. carpini.
葡萄根瘤蚜（Eotetranychus carpini）是欧洲南部葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）的重要害虫。这种螨虫也存在于许多不同的植物上，包括欧洲鹅耳枥（Carpinus betulus L.），它通常出现在葡萄园周围的林带和树篱中，在那里它可能是螨类的潜在储存库。这种害虫的经济重要性促使人们进行了许多研究，旨在调查在葡萄和欧洲鹅耳枥上发现的螨虫是否是同一种。迄今为止，研究结果尚无定论。在这项研究中，我们使用生物学和分子方法来研究这个问题。首先，我们进行了寄主转换实验，以测试最初从同一地区的欧洲鹅耳枥或葡萄植物上采集的螨种群在替代寄主植物上发育的能力。其次，我们使用核糖体 DNA 的 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 区域的核苷酸序列研究了基于 DNA 的分化，对来自我们的寄主植物实验中检查的种群的单个葡萄根瘤蚜进行了分析。我们还分析了在其他地区（意大利和斯洛文尼亚）收集的个体的序列，以估计物种变异。我们的寄主转换实验结果表明，在两个寄主上收集的螨虫发生了分化。从欧洲鹅耳枥上采集的螨虫无法在葡萄上生存和繁殖，反之亦然。我们的分子工作显示，从两个寄主上采集的螨虫之间存在显著的遗传分化，但从同一寄主物种上采集的标本没有遗传变异的证据。我们的结果表明，葡萄根瘤蚜存在寄主小种。
