Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2013 May;59(3):254-63. doi: 10.1177/0020764011433639. Epub 2012 Jan 22.
We previously noted increased shyness in stable community outpatients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls and that shyness may be a risk factor for social functioning impairment in this population (Goldberg & Schmidt, 2001).
We attempted to replicate and extend these findings by comparing the use of a brief trait measure of shyness and sociability (SS; Cheek, 1983; Cheek & Buss, 1981) with the longer Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI; Cloninger, Przybeck, Svrakic, & Wetzel, 1994) used traditionally in work to measure personality dimensions in this population.
A group of stable outpatients with schizophrenia (n = 41) and healthy controls (n = 41) matched on age and gender were compared on the SS and TCI measures. Patients were assessed on clinical symptoms using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) and on social functioning measures using a Quality of Life Scale (QLS).
Patients reported significantly higher shyness, retrospective inhibition and harm avoidance, and lower novelty seeking, self-directedness and cooperativeness than healthy adults, replicating previous findings. Shyness and sociability were related to conceptually linked dimensional sub-scales of the TCI and were predictive of social functioning in the patient group. Importantly, scores on these measures were unrelated to symptom profiles and explained additional variance in social functioning beyond clinical symptoms.
These findings suggest that individual differences in trait shyness and sociability may influence social functioning in stable outpatients with schizophrenia. The results also support the use of the brief trait measures of shyness and sociability in this population.
我们之前注意到，与健康对照组相比，稳定的社区精神分裂症门诊患者表现出更高的害羞程度，并且害羞可能是该人群社会功能障碍的一个风险因素（Goldberg & Schmidt，2001）。
我们试图通过比较使用简短的特质害羞和社交性量表（SS；Cheek，1983；Cheek & Buss，1981）与更长的气质和性格问卷（TCI；Cloninger，Przybeck，Svrakic，& Wetzel，1994）来复制和扩展这些发现，该问卷传统上用于衡量该人群的人格维度。
一组稳定的精神分裂症门诊患者（n=41）和年龄、性别相匹配的健康对照组（n=41）在 SS 和 TCI 量表上进行了比较。使用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评估患者的临床症状，使用生活质量量表（QLS）评估患者的社会功能。
与健康成年人相比，患者报告的害羞、回顾性抑制和回避风险显著更高，而新奇寻求、自我导向和合作性显著更低，这与之前的研究结果一致。害羞和社交性与 TCI 的概念相关维度子量表有关，并且可以预测患者组的社会功能。重要的是，这些量表的得分与症状模式无关，并在临床症状之外解释了社会功能的额外差异。
这些发现表明，特质害羞和社交性的个体差异可能会影响稳定的精神分裂症门诊患者的社会功能。这些结果还支持在该人群中使用简短的特质害羞和社交性量表。
