Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024, USA.
Dev Dyn. 2012 Mar;241(3):608-26. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.23742. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WASP) family proteins participate in many cellular processes involving rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. To the date, four WASP subfamily members have been described in Drosophila: Wash, WASp, SCAR, and Whamy. Wash, WASp, and SCAR are essential during early Drosophila development where they function in orchestrating cytoplasmic events including membrane-cytoskeleton interactions. A mutant for Whamy has not yet been reported.
We generated monoclonal antibodies that are specific to Drosophila Wash, WASp, SCAR, and Whamy, and use these to describe their spatial and temporal localization patterns. Consistent with the importance of WASP family proteins in flies, we find that Wash, WASp, SCAR, and Whamy are dynamically expressed throughout oogenesis and embryogenesis. For example, we find that Wash accumulates at the oocyte cortex. WASp is highly expressed in the PNS, while SCAR is the most abundantly expressed in the CNS. Whamy exhibits an asymmetric subcellular localization that overlaps with mitochondria and is highly expressed in muscle.
All four WASP family members show specific expression patterns, some of which reflect their previously known roles and others revealing new potential functions. The monoclonal antibodies developed offer valuable new tools to investigate how WASP family proteins regulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics.
Wiskott-Aldrich 综合征(WASP)家族蛋白参与许多涉及肌动蛋白细胞骨架重排的细胞过程。迄今为止,果蝇中已描述了四个 WASP 亚家族成员:Wash、WASP、SCAR 和 Whamy。Wash、WASP 和 SCAR 在果蝇早期发育中是必不可少的,它们在协调细胞质事件中发挥作用,包括膜-细胞骨架相互作用。尚未报道 Whamy 的突变体。
我们生成了特异性针对果蝇 Wash、WASP、SCAR 和 Whamy 的单克隆抗体,并使用这些抗体来描述它们的时空定位模式。与 WASP 家族蛋白在果蝇中的重要性一致,我们发现 Wash、WASP、SCAR 和 Whamy 在卵子发生和胚胎发生过程中动态表达。例如,我们发现 Wash 在卵母细胞皮层中积累。WASP 在 PNS 中高度表达,而 SCAR 在 CNS 中表达最丰富。Whamy 表现出与线粒体重叠的不对称亚细胞定位,在肌肉中高度表达。
所有四个 WASP 家族成员都表现出特定的表达模式,其中一些反映了它们先前已知的作用,而另一些则揭示了新的潜在功能。开发的单克隆抗体为研究 WASP 家族蛋白如何调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架动力学提供了有价值的新工具。