Norwegian Social Research, Elisenberg, Oslo, Norway.
Addiction. 2012 Jul;107(7):1309-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03796.x. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
This study aimed to examine the associations between cannabis use and work commitment.
We used a 25-year panel survey initiated in 1985 with follow-ups in 1987, 1989, 1993, 2003 and 2010. Registered data from a range of public registers were matched with individual responses for the entire period.
The panel survey was a nation-wide study set in Norway.
A total of 1997 respondents born between 1965 and 1968 were included in the panel.
Work involvement scale (WIS) was used to assess work commitment. Involvement with cannabis was based on self-reported smoking of cannabis within the last 12 months and exposure to cannabis through friends. This information was categorized into 'abstaining', 'exposed', 'experimented' and 'involved'. Control measures included socio-economic background, mental health (HSCL-10), education, work satisfaction, unemployment, receipt of social assistance, consumption of alcohol, alcohol-related problems and use of other illicit drugs.
The level of work commitment was associated with involvement with cannabis. In 1993, when the respondents were in their mid-20s, those who were involved or had experimented with cannabis displayed lower levels of work commitment than those who were abstaining or merely exposed to cannabis through friends (P < 0.05). Work commitment among those who experimented with cannabis converged towards the levels reported by abstainers and the exposed as they grew older, whereas those involved reported decreasing work commitment into adulthood (P < 0.001). Using linear regression models for panel data, an association with continued use of cannabis across the life-course and a lowering of work commitment was established. Results remained significant even when controlling for a range of other factors known to be related to work commitment, such as socio-economic background, education, labour market experiences, mental health and family characteristics (P < 0.05).
In Norway the use of cannabis is associated with a reduction in work commitment among adults.
本研究旨在探讨大麻使用与工作投入之间的关联。
我们使用了一项始于 1985 年的 25 年面板调查，并在 1987 年、1989 年、1993 年、2003 年和 2010 年进行了随访。从一系列公共登记处匹配的登记数据与整个时期的个人应答相对应。
该面板调查是在挪威进行的一项全国性研究。
共有 1997 名出生于 1965 年至 1968 年之间的受访者被纳入该面板。
工作投入量表（WIS）用于评估工作投入度。大麻的使用情况基于过去 12 个月内自我报告的大麻吸食情况以及通过朋友接触大麻的情况。该信息分为“不使用”、“接触”、“尝试”和“使用”。控制措施包括社会经济背景、心理健康（HSCL-10）、教育、工作满意度、失业、接受社会援助、饮酒、与酒精相关的问题和使用其他非法药物。
工作投入度与大麻使用有关。1993 年，当受访者处于 20 多岁时，与那些不使用或仅通过朋友接触大麻的人相比，使用或尝试过大麻的人工作投入度较低（P<0.05）。随着年龄的增长，尝试过大麻的人工作投入度逐渐趋同于不使用和接触大麻的人，而使用大麻的人则报告工作投入度在成年后下降（P<0.001）。使用面板数据的线性回归模型，发现大麻的持续使用与工作投入度的降低之间存在关联。即使在控制了一系列已知与工作投入度相关的其他因素（如社会经济背景、教育、劳动力市场经历、心理健康和家庭特征）后，结果仍然显著（P<0.05）。
在挪威，大麻的使用与成年人工作投入度的降低有关。
