United Nations Children's Fund.
Child Dev. 2012 Jan-Feb;83(1):32-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01675.x.
Feeding practices are important determinants of growth and development of children. Using infant and young child feeding indicators and complementary feeding guidelines, 7 practices in 28 countries are described, showing substantial variation across countries. Only 25% of 0- to 5-month-olds were exclusively breastfed, and only half of 6- to 8-month-olds received complementary foods the previous day. Median duration of breastfeeding and increase of fluid intake during diarrhea were low among countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI). Living in high-HDI countries may not translate to positive feeding practices. Across countries, there is a need for promotion, protection, and support of optimal breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices as well as better adherence to recommendations for feeding during illness.
喂养方式是儿童生长发育的重要决定因素。使用婴幼儿喂养指标和补充喂养指南，描述了 28 个国家的 7 种喂养方式，显示出各国之间存在很大差异。仅 25%的 0-5 月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养，仅一半的 6-8 月龄婴儿前一天接受补充食物。高人类发展指数（HDI）国家母乳喂养时间中位数和腹泻时液体摄入量低。生活在高人类发展指数国家并不一定意味着会有积极的喂养方式。在各个国家，都需要促进、保护和支持最佳母乳喂养和补充喂养方式，以及更好地遵守患病期间喂养建议。
